A Raisin in the Sun Essay

A Raisin in the Sun Essay A Raisin in the Sun was an amazing book about numerous things. It was about a dark family battling with financial difficulty and racial partiality. This play demonstrated the significance of family, the estimation of dreams, and about racial segregation. The further the play went the more there was to gain from the Youngers. The entirety of the individuals from the Younger family had dreams and dreams which could either break or make there family relying upon what they picked. Despite the fact that each individual from the Younger family had a fantasy there dreams were altogether different from one another. Mama’s dream was for her to have a pleasant house with a nursery in the back yard simply like her and her significant other needed. She felt that her fantasy would assist the entire family, since they could deal with Travis better and he could experience childhood in a superior neighborhood and become an incredible man. Lena was the just one paying special mind to the family as opposed to contemplating herself with the exception of Ruth. She wasn’t part of the blood family, however she needed the best for everyone. She concurred with Lena. The main thing she needed was the fetus removal of things to come kid that she had as of late discovered she was having. Beneatha needed to think about herself. She needed to know where she originated from. She needed to find out about the â€Å"homeland†. She needs to be a specialist and speak to the nation from which she came. The one whose fantasy influenced the entire family was Walter’s dream. He needed to rake in boatloads of cash, and he figured he had a full verification intend to do it. He needed to put into an alcohol store with two or three pals of his, not realizing this was most likely the greatest misstep of his life. Which expression can communicate the importance of â€Å"a genuine lifeâ journey† through a story â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun†? A genuine excursion is alluded as â€Å"use of space†. It is partitioned into three components: city, wild, and spot. City is an emblematic city, which speaks to something different as opposed to the city. Wild is where individuals get familiar with their life exercises. Provincial is the last settlement for their life. What is the fundamental message from these three components? City is an emblematic city. It is brief and counterfeit. The Younger’s family lives in a helpless condition, three ages in a little condo. They would prefer not to remain in this helpless day to day environment. It is excessively packed for their family. They are worn out on the little condo on the grounds that â€Å"They have obviously needed to suit the living of such a large number of individuals for an excessive number of years-and they are tired† (Madden 286). They share washroom with another family on a similar floor. Hansberry composes that â€Å"The youngster, a tough, attractive young man [†¦] goes out to the restroom, which is in an outside corridor and which is shared by another family or families on the equivalent floor† (287). Will one major check change this helpless condition? The check speaks to large Walter’s life and has a place with mother, Lena. In spite of the fact that they realize that the check will come on Saturday, some way o r another, Younger’s family turns out to be energizing. In the early Friday morning, Walter asks Ruth that â€Å"Check coming today?† (Madden 288). Ruth answers to him, â€Å"They said Saturday and this is simply Friday and I would like to God you ain’t going to get up here first thing this morning† (Madden 288). Indeed, even young man Travis asks his mom on Friday morning, â€Å"Mama, this is Friday. (Merrily.) Check coming tomorrow, huh?† (Madden 289). The family anticipates the check. Everybody in the family has their own arrangement to utilize the check aside from mother, Lena. Walter needs to utilize the piece of cash to contribute little alcohol store. He said to Ruth, â€Å"Yeah. Little alcohol store we got as a primary concern cost seventy-5,000 and we calculated the underlying venture on the spot [†¦]. Course, there’s couple of hundred you got the chance to pay so’s you don’t went through your time on earth simpl y sitting tight for them comedians to let your permit get approved† (Madden 292). This alcohol store appears his fantasy and future. Beneatha likewise depends on this check. She needs to utilize this cash to pay her school educational cost. She said to Walter, â€Å"What do you need from me, Brother-that I quit school or simply drop dead, Which!† (Madden 295). Beneatha has just decided yet her mom has not yet. Lena intends to utilize some cash for Beneatha training. She said to Ruth, â€Å"I ain’t properly chose. [†¦] Some of it got the opportunity to be taken care of for Beneatha and her schoolin† (Madden 298). Like every other mother, she will support and pay her kids instruction. On Friday, Lena can not resist thinking his better half constantly. She discusses their fantasy. She said to Ruth, â€Å"I recollect similarly too the day me and Big Walter moved in there. [†¦]. We was going to set away, gradually [†¦]. In any case, master, kid, you should know all the fantasy I had ’bout purchasing that house and setting it up and making me a little nursery in the back-(she pauses and quits grinning.) And didn’t none of it happen† (Madden 299). She feels miserable on the grounds that her better half dead. At the point when the check goes ahead Saturday, Lena doesn't open it immediately. She is gazing at it while, â€Å"She at long last makes a decent solid remove and pulls the meager blue cut of paper and examines it closely† (Madden 313). This light check has all the earmarks of being overwhelming to her, since this check speaks to her better half life. She is as yet missing him. She, obviously, won't have any desire to utilize this cash to contribute an alcohol store. Lena solidly said to Walter, â€Å"I’m sorry ’bout your alcohol store, child. It just was’t the thing for us to do. That’s what I need to let you know about† (Madden 315). Be that as it may, her child doesn't get it and do what he needs until he loses all his putting away cash. In spite of the fact that there are numerous open doors through the people’s life, it is imperative to use sound judgment and accept great open door with less hazard. Wild is where individuals get familiar with their life lessons. Younger’s family learns one of their life exercises during moving day. Mrs. Johnson is a dark woman and a neighbor of Younger’s family. She goes to their condo and carries a paper with â€Å"NEGROES INVADE CLYBOURNE PARK †BOMBED† (Madden 332). She needs their family to remain at their locale and not to move to the white society. She is a desirous lady, yet she speaks to a voice of the Africa-America people group. Complexity to Mrs. Johnson, Mr. Lindner is a white man and speaks to the white network of Clybourne Park. He presents â€Å"I am an agent of the Clybourne Park improvement association† (Madden 339). He make an effort not to move into their white network. They stress that the Younger’s family will carry inconvenience to the white network and diminish the nature of the network. Mr. Lindner stated, â€Å"We feel that the vast majority of the difficulty in this world, when you come directly down to it† (Madden 341). He imagines that individuals of color should live in their locale and would be upbeat in their locale. Mr. Lindner proposes that â€Å"[†¦] our Negro families are more joyful when they live in their own communities† (Madden 341). The Younger’s family needs to manage the genuine weight. This weight originates from this present reality and is reflected through the genuine individuals. Walter learns his life exercises when Bobo discloses to him that his putting away cash is no more. This is catastrophe news for him. For him, this cash implies his fantasy and his future. Presently, out of nowhere, all cash has gone. He, obviously, will get irate and alarm. He cries hard like children. Hansberry depicts that â€Å"He is meandering near, shouting out for Willy† (347). In spite of the fact that it is a frightfully difficult second, it causes him to think why it occurs, how it occurs, and what he will do. He thinks profoundly right now. He thoroughly changes his practices. He gets quiet and calm, no alcoholic and no smoking. He lies on the bed in the loft. Hansberry portrays that â€Å"At left we can see Walter shrivel his room, alone with himself. He is loosened up on the bed, his shirt out and open, his arms under his head. He doesn't smoke, he doesn't shout out, he simply lies there, gazing toward the roof, much as though he were separated from everyone else in the world† (349). A profound thought helps Walter developing the quality inside him. He takes in the exercise from his disappointment. Walter tells his mom that â€Å" He’s showed me something. He’s instructed me to watch out for what includes in this world [†¦] Thanks, Willy!† (Madden 345). Presently he looks on the world in an entirely unexpected manner. He starts to stand up like a man and conduct like a man and take on a similar mindset as a man. He said to his mom and his sister that â€Å" Some one let me know â€tell me, who chooses which ladies should sport pearls in this world. I will reveal to you I am a man-and I figure my significant other should wear a few pearls in this world!† (Madden 355). This is significant change. Walter gets bolsters from his mom. She instructs him that they live here for opportunity and not for cash. They need to stand up on their feet in this world, nerve disgrace themselves and never dead inside their brain. She stated, â€Å"Son-I originate from five ages of individuals who was slaves and sharcroppers-yet ain’t no one in my family never let no one pay’em no cash that was a method of disclosing to us we wasn’t fit to walk the earth. We ain’t never been that poor. [†¦]We ain’t never been that-dead inside† (Madden 355). The life isn't in every case simple, yet it is essential to manage and to gain from it. Country implies that all contentions are settled. Walter turns into a genuine man. At the point when Mr. Lindner goes to their home once more, Walter tells Mr. Lindner is that their family is a persevering

Maggi Essay Example

Maggi Essay Example Maggi Essay Maggi Essay Social: Magi has sectioned its market based on item use rate, its infrequent use trademark, readiness of the purchaser to buy and the item benefits they looked for. Cryptographic: Segmentation of market by Magi has been done likewise remembering the way of life of urban families, office-goers, working ladies, wellbeing awareness of individuals and childrens requirement for taste and fun. Focusing on: Initially Magi focused on the kids and regular workers ladies . Later it stretched out its compass to the youthful undergrads, experts. Presently it has additionally spoken to itself as a food item for all age gatherings and henceforth including the mature age. Situating: before all else Magi situated itself as a comfort item for moms and fun item for youngsters. Remembering that individuals are turning out to be increasingly more wellbeing cognizant it has become a wellbeing item too. Magi stands emphatically in moment food showcase. Advertising Mix Product: Magi is a settle brand of moment food items directly from moment noodles, ketchups, sauces, 3D shapes, seasonings and so forth. It was presented in India in 1982. Some of he significant results of Magi will be: Magi 2-minute Noodles, Vegetable information noodles, Magi Sauces, Magi Miasmal, and Magi Soups. Value: Understanding that Magi is a bite and just some would pay more, it has evaluated its items likewise. Additionally to broaden its scope in the country showcase Magi has presented an incentive for cash packs valued at RSI 5. Spot: Magi as brand has a wide reach over the market, be it a little retail shops in the city to the large ones like Big bazaar. Its circulation organize is likewise very much spread. Advancement: The advancement system at first respected working ladies and kids with appealing promotions and wonderfulness, for example, Mummy book Alga Hahn Bas 2-minute. It has consistently centered its limited time methodology around family. Throughout the years it has attempted to associate with its objective customers by welcoming encounters and imaginative plans, Magi Viceroy crusade, different trade plot, return blessings, coupons and free limited time preliminary packs. It has additionally attempted to draw in its possible customers by alluring bundling. Rivalries: Initially Magi was the sole decision in the moment food classification . UT later when Magi was acing issues because of progress in taste, Top Ramee got the money for on the chance and rose as a solid contender. Directly Magi is likewise confronting rivalry from new participants like Horrific Foodless, Nor Soupy noodles, Sunniest Yippee noodle, Tasty Treat and a few other littler players. Residue Analysis Strengths : Maggie is advertise pioneer in the moment food classification, particularly moment associate with them. It has a solid dissemination system and high promoting share Weakness: Throughout the years flavors have continued as before and any new advancement in taste has not been invites by shoppers.

To investigate and analyse the tax avoidance of Starbucks in UK Essay

To research and break down the expense evasion of Starbucks in UK - Essay Example The disappointment of the world significant partnerships to respect their assessment duties is anything but another instance of difficulties confronting the foundation of ethicsâ inâ the business network. The degree of the ramifications of expense evasion reflects as needs be over all countries, from the least fortunate to the most created. The United Kingdom isn't special case with companies, for example, Amazon and Starbucks among others confronting such cases. The instance of such events inspires furious remarks and responses from the occupants and dissent gatherings of human rights, as the assessment contribution establish a key reason for inferred money related emergency in the nation. Starbucks Corporation is a US based espresso mammoth retailer (Behar and Goldstein, 2007, p 23). The espresso menu broadly perplexes the clients (Simon, 2009, p 56). The partnership has worked in the UK for more than a long time since entering the business sectors in 1998. The Starbucks Corporation, since entering the UK showcase it has built up more than 750 stores and utilizes around 8500 workers in the nation (Gilbert, 2009, p 65). The organization additionally appreciates a warm gathering in the nation, taking part in its every day activities as needs be. Be that as it may, as of late, reports of its non-settlement of duties have kept on creating turmoil with respect to the benefit of the enterprise (Pham-Gia, 2009, p 21). Therefore, the organization keeps on experiencing the cases as they broadly sway its notoriety and tasks. The disappointment of the significant organization to respect its duty pay cuts comprises both lawful and moral issues of business activity. Taking into account the proof acknowledged in the cases that followed in the organization activities, the key factor of thought incorporates the duty liabilities of the organization, regardless of the benefits they understand. Outstandingly, the enterprise has as of late been enlisting a consistent development bend, with an expansion in benefits. This pattern in development reflected

civil rights1 essays

common rights1 articles It had been just about one hundred years since the liberation decree yet at the same time blacks were not really free. Social liberties in spite of the fact that were laws in the north, were not upheld to any degree of the law. From 1954 to 1972 the social equality development took on numerous changes. From pioneers to strategies, the development changed again and again. On May 17, 1954 in Topeka Kansas, a legal dispute changed the substance of America. Earthy colored versus the Board of Education upset the old Supreme Court choice Plessy versus Ferguson which expressed that every open office are to be independent however equivalent. The new choice expressed that, discrete offices are characteristically inconsistent. This new choice caused the main reconciliation of government funded schools. So as to incorporate however, President Eisenhower needed to send in the National Guard to secure the understudies as they entered the school. There were different fights to be battled however. In 55 a little woman by the name of Rosa plunked down on a transport and wouldn't get up for a white man. This one occasion detonated a development everywhere throughout the United States and right in the center of the blast was Martin Luther King Jr. Ruler who had an entirely different way to deal with restriction of isolation called latent opposition. Ruler and his supporters wouldn't take the transport due to the Rosa Parks episode. He likewise composed protests, where a gathering of dark individuals would simply sit at places that lone white individuals were permitted to be. This type of peacefulness was compelling in the south however not powerful in the north were isolation wasnt recorded parents in law yet was drilled in any case. The third phase of dynamic change in the social liberties development was the ascent of dark force. Its here that gatherings, for example, the country of Islam, and the Black Panthers started to have enormous followings and individuals, for example, Malcolm X, and Huey P. Newton, started to lead them. These new unforeseen development welcomed on extraordinary results. ... <!

Problem of the West essays

Issue of the West papers The west was type of society instead of a surface region. Social conditions were then come about because of use of more seasoned organizations and perfect to the changing impacts of free land. By this, another condition is entered, opportunity of chance is opened, cake of custom is broken and this brings new exercises, thoughts, and lines of development brought into reality. The west passes on another outskirts and the new society has risen up out of the contact with the boondocks. Continuously this general public loses its crude conditions and acclimatizes to more established states of the East. The Buffalo warriors in the west contributed significantly with the impacts of the west after the Indian War. Day by day life for the ninth and tenth Cavalries was brutal, however generally, they were like their white partners. The mens garisson huts were regularly inadequately ventilated with vermin invaded cottages, and the main washing offices comprised of neighborhood spring water. The close by river water was utilized for some, different things, such as drinking water and removals, which later brought about numerous diseases, for example, looseness of the bowels, the runs, bronchitis, and tuberculosis. Dinners for the fighters were constrained and pitiful and regularly scheduled compensation was diminished from sixteen dollars to thirteen, because of different obligations in war. The little towns that grew up around the fortresses were normally minimal in excess of an assortment of cantinas and betting parlors, possessed by a portion of the more repulsive characters on the wilderness. Here, mostly because of the central governments unforgiving recreation approaches, racial partiality by both neighborhood residents and law officials was extreme. At the point when questions emerged among Buffalo fighters and local people, the nearby law and juries reliably opposed the troopers. The most difficult issue looked by the Army during this time was abandonment. In 1868 the departure rate for enrolled faculty was roughly 25%. Abandonments among white regiment were about multiple times more noteworthy than those ... <!

Report For The Child Protection Case Conference Social Work Essay Essay Example

Report For The Child Protection Case Conference Social Work Essay This examination is set up for the use of a Child Protection Case Conference for the five individuals from the Jones family unit. The Jones family unit comprises of Mark ( 25 ) And Sue ( 21 ) and their three children John ( 6 ) , Emma ( 4 ) and David who is only 3 hebdomads old. The meeting is being held to see the degree to which the requests of John, Emma and David are being met, as other than the dangers to which they are uncovered. With the Child Protection Conference being a gathering between the guardians of children and the individuals from various agencies who know the family unit, this investigation means to gracefully a concise thing of the family situation and an agonizing analysis on the family unit fortunes, suitably bolstered by the hypothetical and down to earth cognizance of the essayist on the risks looked by the children and the model picked for such peril examination. This initial region is trailed by a short outline of the occurrence, an agonizing discourse and in the long run a summational region. 2. Brief Case Details We will compose a custom paper test on Report For The Child Protection Case Conference Social Work Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Report For The Child Protection Case Conference Social Work Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Report For The Child Protection Case Conference Social Work Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The reference section to this investigation gives inside informations about the family situation and can be gotten to by clients of this examination. To territory actually quickly, the Jones family has three children. John, the oldest child experiences address holds and is showing social difficulties at spot and school. He requests single joining in and has tendencies for unmanageable choler and physical power with kids each piece great as grown-ups. He has other than shown reprobate conduct and has been accounted for shock lifting. Emma, the second child is pleasant, cherishes venturing out to class, has been surveyed to be formatively best in class and adores her male parent. David, the newly conceived is an untimely child and is non in the best of wellbeing. It is difficult to take care of him and he cries much of the time. Imprint Jones the male parent has a background marked by youngster offense, condemnable conduct and residential abuse. He has experienced childhood in hapless cultural and monetary fortunes and is currently functioning as a driver of overwhelming vehicles, an occupation that as often as possible keeps him off from place. Sue the female parent, had her chief child when she was 15 and experienced station natal discouragement. Not in the best of health and holding experienced local abuse, she thinks that its difficult to take consideration of her three children. While she originates from a flush foundation, she has little contact with her folks, who object to Mark. 3. Agonizing Comment Mindful and ensuring kids is currently at the truly core of the cultural work arrangement of the UK ( Cleaver, 2004, p 14 ) . While the significance of securing, cultivating and nutritious children and the interest to flexibly them with proper conditions for achievement of physical, enthusiastic and mental improvement has ever been felt to be of import by arrangement shapers in the UK, a figure of scenes that have taken topographic point over the mature ages demonstrate that children keep on being presented to grouped perilous and need appropriate insurance. The expires of Victoria Climbie and Aliyah Ismail in 2000 and 1998 ( BBC News, 2005, p 1 ) made colossal media tumult and open ire and prompted army legitimate and arrangement steps that expected to secure and shield kids ( Norton, 1999, p 1 ) . The ongoing perishes of Baby Peter and Khyra Ishaq, who passed on in terrible fortunes, the first on history of power at the spot ( Duncan, et Al, 2008, p 1 ) and the second from famishme nt, uncovered that children keep on being in harm's way and sought after of security and wellbeing, both all through their families ( Carter, 2010, p 1 ) . Supplement 2 gives alarming inside informations on a figure of children who experienced power that brought about genuine hurt and even expire. I have, in these fortunes attempted to combine the various lawful and approach steps that are accessible in the UK for security and wellbeing of children each piece great as examination of the risks to which they are uncovered, for the thought of the Child Protection Conference on the requests of the children of the Jones Family. The authoritative model for kid security in England and Wales is given by the Children Act 1989, more distant altered by the Children Act 2004 ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . The demonstration characterizes injury as debilitated mediation or harm of physical or mental wellbeing or physical, enthusiastic, cultural, judicious or conduct advancement. The demonstration other than cherishes of import rules. The centrality decide suggests that the child s open help ought to be principal for judgments on their childhood. The needs and sentiments of children ought to other than be learned before the death of any request ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . All endeavors ought to be made for sparing of the spot and family unit connections of children. The statute other than underlines the significance of parental obligation in the passing on up of children ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . A figure of different Acts of the Apostless like the Children and Young Persons Act 2008 and the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 and the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 other than set out the statute on security of children in various fortunes ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . Aside from broadened resolution law for shielding and ensuring kids, the specialists has presented a progression of approach ventures after the expire of Victoria Climbie and the distribution of the Laming Report in 2003 ( Department of Health, 2003, p 7 ) . The Every Child Matters Program inside informations legislative approach for guaranting the security, sustenance, developing and improvement of all children in the state ( Department for Educationaë†â ¦ , 2005, p 4 ) . The insight Working Together to Safeguard Children: a Guide to Inter-Agency Working to Safeguard and Promote the Welfare of Children characterizes kid abuse and disregard and gives counsel on the move that departments should make to secure children. The Framework for the Assessment of Children sought after and their Families gives direction to experts to put kids popular and decide the most ideal methods for helping such children and their family units ( NSPCC, 2010a, p 3 ) . The children during the Jones family unit are as a rule by and by tested by hard fortunes. Imprint, the male parent has an occupation that keeps him off from place for significant stretches and he is along these lines non really ready to aid family work or passing on up the children, with the exception of by monetary help. He has a past filled with criminalism and residential power. Despite the fact that it ought to be viewed as that he is experiencing a choler bearing system so as to show signs of improvement of his enthusiastic shakiness. Sue, the female parent is simply 21 and has just had three children. She other than has a background marked by station natal despondency, which could perchance come up again after the introduction of David, the most youthful child who is non even a month old. Originating from a flush family unit, with whom she is alienated for some mature ages, she is clearly new to the extremely hard family unit fortunes in which she is set and the obligations of a female parent of three children. The chances of every one of the three children being ignored is truly elevated in these fortunes, where the male parent is non at place the greater part of the clasp and is trying to show signs of improvement of his enthusiastic flimsiness and forceful conduct and the female parent is inclined to discouragement, genuinely drained and exhausted and has been troubled with the obligations of thinking about and passing on up three youthful children. The three children in the family unit face the existent risk of physical and passionate dismissal. Such dismissal could explicitly hurt their physical, passionate and subjective prosperity and advancement, influence their open introduction at school, open them to risks of under nutriment and unwellness and severely sway their life openings ( Howe, 2005, p 31 ) . Ignored children are other than increasingly inclined to truant conduct and substance abuse. John the oldest child as of now experiences address employments, affectionate respect upsets, going to looking for social occupations, uncontrolled choler and tendencies for power. Such a situation could hold emerged as a result of going to deficiencies in his youth mature ages and more prominent going to being given to his more youthful sister by his male parent. John currently represents a genuine physical danger to his two more youthful kin in light of his wrath and fierce personality. Emma and David are loosened to the perils of d ismissal, each piece great as physical injury. While Emma is the leader of the family unit and bits great associations with her folks and may non subsequently be presented to pretermit, the status of the most youthful child David is flimsy. An untimely child who is given to suffering from colic, David needs overabundance consideration, backing and nutriment, which may obviously be past the capacity and limit of Sue, in her casing physical status and her history of station natal sorrow. Aside from dismiss, which could hurt her physical and enthusiastic improvement at a significant period in her life, he other than faces the threat of physical power from John, who would good be able to throb him seriously in a fit of rage of wrath, if his requests for going to are non met. I feel it to be extremely clear that the three children during the Jones family unit are at impressive danger, every one of the three from dismiss and the more youthful two other than from power. The GIRFEC ( securing it directly for each child ) hypothetical record gives another assault to assignment and satisfying of needs of children. The hypothetical record

Dracula and Cognitive Dissonance - Literature Essay Samples

In his novel Dracula, Bram Stoker’s characters are deeply disturbed by the existence of the vampire. The notion of a creature that is both living and dead challenges their sanity by forcing them to question those things which they had previously considered to be obvious truths. Typically, these members of Victorian society would believe that one must either be alive or dead, seductive or repulsive, masculine or feminine, sexual or maternal, or mentally stable or unstable. However, many of the characters in the story possess traits which cause them to embody the aforementioned impossibilities. The coexistence of these conflicting ideas causes an uncomfortable tension that is referred to as ‘cognitive dissonance’. When the characters experience this feeling of cognitive dissonance, rather than changing their worldviews, they resort to questioning their state of mind. An intense fear of insanity pervades this novel, therefore, those qualities that cause the character s to question their sanity must be reconciled before they can rest and the story can come to a close. Count Dracula is the most obvious example of a character that exists as two separate conflicting ideas. The vampire is a creature who has passed from human life, but who is resurrected as a monster that walks, speaks, and feeds on blood. As coined by Stoker, Dracula is a member of the ‘undead’. This fact causes much skepticism from all of the characters except for Professor Van Helsing, whose job it is to convince the others that the vampire does indeed exist. The unwillingness to believe that Dracula could be the cause of Lucy’s troubles is best displayed during Van Helsing’s conversation with Doctor Seward. The professor spouts off a list of things which have occurred in the world, despite the fact that, before their occurrence, they would not even have been considered as a possibility. â€Å"Here I interrupted him. I was getting bewildered. He so crow ded on my mind his list of nature’s eccentricities and possible impossibilities that my imagination was getting fired.† (Stoker 263) As soon as Seward’s mind begins to question his current ideas about reality, the doctor abruptly brings an end to the conversation for fear that he may have to alter his preconceptions. Seward knows that Van Helsing is asking him to draw a parallel between such events and the possibility that Count Dracula is the true cause of Lucy’s downfall, but is afraid to admit to a notion that could be considered impossible or even ‘crazy’. â€Å"You are a clever man, friend John; you reason well, and your wit is bold; but you are too prejudiced Do you not think that there are things which you cannot understand, and yet which are Ah, it is the fault of our science that it wants to explain all; and if it explain not, then it says there is nothing to explain.† (Stoker, 261)If a phenomenon cannot be explained through re ason, the characters tend to dismiss the event rather than to question the limits of their own knowledge. This is the easier way out. Humans do not like to deal with cognitive dissonance because it is an uncomfortable psychological experience. The three vampire sisters who inhabit Castle Dracula also possess the binary qualities of life and death, but they are also both seductive and repulsive. The vampiresses encounter Jonathan Harker while he is alone in the castle. â€Å"There was something about them that made me uneasy, some longing and at the same time some deadly fear. I felt in my heart a wicked, burning desire that they would kiss me with those red lips.† (Stoker 51-52) Rather than act on his desires or confront his fears, Harker simply lays still and allows the vampires to surround him and caress his body. Like Seward’s disruption of the conversation with Van Helsing, Harker’s inactivity is another way of disregarding a situation that he cannot unders tand. Jonathan is confused about the fact that he is sexually attracted to the vampires even though, during his time, the blatant sexuality that the three women exhibited would have been completely unacceptable from any other female. So, he attempts to avoid the situation by acting as though he were sleeping, almost as if he were hoping that he could tell himself that the whole event was merely a dream. Indeed, the very next day, Harker questions the reality of the events of the previous night. â€Å"I awoke in my own bed. If it be that I had not dreamt, the Count must have carried me here. I tried to satisfy myself on the subject, but could not arrive at any unquestionable result.† (Stoker 55) Although the vampire attack was remembered in vivid detail, Harker continues to question the accuracy of his memory by putting forth the idea that all of these events could have occurred while he was sleeping. Because our dreams are often irrational and indecipherable, Harker’s willingness to attribute his sexual encounter to such a hallucination would imply that he believes himself to have been in a less-than-stable mental state. Thus, Jonathan chooses to question his sanity rather than to accept that these ‘impossibilities’ could have occurred. During his encounter with the three females, Harker also becomes an anomaly by developing feminine qualities throughout the scene. In the Victorian mind men bore the complete onus for sexual depravity; a good woman only submitted to her husbands bestiality in order to reproduce (Demetrakopoulos 106). When Harker lies very still and allows the vampires to take full control of him, he is taking on the traditional Victorian woman’s role in sex. In Jungian terms, the vampire sisters act as an agent that brings out Harker’s anima, or repressed feminine side. Later in the scene, Harker becomes so overwhelmed that he faints. Fainting is another activity that is typically labeled as a feminine action, causing Harker to take on the female role yet again. â€Å"Without a clearly defined, passive femininity against which to define himself and his world, Jonathan Harker crumbles into a nightmare of uncertainty, confusion, and vampiric ‘brain fever’.† (Prescott and Giorgio 490) Harker’s slip into temporary insanity provides him with another way to deny what has happened to him; he may have seen creatures that were both living and dead, or who were both seductive and repulsive, but it could also have been a hallucination as a result of his ‘brain fever’. When Harker is recovering from his temporary illness, his fiancà ©, Mina, is there to look after him. Throughout the novel, Mina parallels Jonathan in the sense that she also takes on attributes of the opposite gender. When she vows never to open his journal unless it becomes absolutely necessary, Mina takes on the role of the protector as she attempts to ward off any recollection that may cause Jonathan to relapse into his state of insanity. In a sense, Mina becomes Harker’s ‘knight in shining armor’. Mina also becomes a saving grace for the rest of the men as she learns to work with the newest technology and keeps accurate records of each person’s encounters with the supernatural. When Dracula attempts to destroy their records, Mina has been wise enough to make several copies of the documents, thus allowing the ‘children of the light’ to continue on and defeat the vampire. Van Helsing praises Mina for her great achievements and exposes her dual nature as both feminine and masculine. â€Å"Ah, that wonderful Madam Mina! She has man’s brain – a brain that a man should have were he much gifted – and a woman’s heart.† (Stoker 321) However, after making this statement, the Professor goes on to state that, despite her helpfulness, Mina must no longer assist in the battle against Dracula. This m ust happen because Mina’s feminine and masculine qualities cannot be tolerated when they exist in one person. Nonetheless, Mina does continue on in the battle against the monster and is arguably the most important key to the discovery of Dracula’s whereabouts. In stark contrast to Mina, Miss Lucy Westerna is represented as the epitome of Victorian femininity, except that she is highly sexualized. This sexuality becomes most evident once Lucy has undergone her transformation into a vampire, but her it is also expressed – in confidence – to Mina before she had become a creature of the night. â€Å"Why can’t they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save all this trouble?† (Stoker 81) Lucy is being courted by several men at once and, although she does not accept each advance, she tends to be flirt with each man and wishes to be with all of them. Once Dracula takes her life and she becomes a vampire, Mina’s sexuality i s fully exposed and she no longer has the ability to be a wife or a mother. When Arthur, Van Helsing, Quincey, and Dr Seward travel to Lucy’s grave site to end her life as a vampire, they encounter a version of Lucy that is both sexual and, in a twisted sense, maternal. Lucy calls to Arthur in a tantalizing manner, displaying the fact that, as a vampire, Lucy will no longer hide her sexual cravings; she can never be a pure Victorian woman. Lucy feeds on young children and enters her tomb grasping a child tightly before she throws the girl to the floor in one careless gesture. Lucy was a woman who wanted to be married and, presumably become a mother in order to fulfill her wifely role, but the reality was that she could never have done so because of her sexuality. Dracula changed Lucy by exposing her inner self. The final character who possesses opposing qualities is Doctor Seward’s patient, Renfield. Because he is a patient in the asylum, Renfield is considered to be t he least sane of all of the characters; he is what ‘the children of the light’ fear to become. In reality, Renfield is one of the most informed people in the novel. He is aware of Dracula’s presence and is able to accurately judge Seward’s affections for Lucy and also tries to warn Mina that she should not stay in the asylum because of Dracula’s impending attack. When his patient speaks to Mina, Doctor Seward is very surprised by his coherent language and apparent insightfulness: â€Å"Here was my own pet lunatic – the most pronounced of his type that I had ever met with – talking elemental philosophy, and with the manner of a polished gentleman.† (Stoker 319) Renfield challenges the characters’ notions of what constitutes sanity. It would seem impossible that the man who collects and consumes insects could see things more clearly than the other characters in the story, yet he manages to correctly assess the situation muc h more quickly than the others. However, his coherent moments are attributed to momentary lapses of sanity rather than indicators of his true mental state. In order to maintain their preconceptions, those characteristics which are binary opposites must be eliminated in order for the characters to rest and feel that their job has been completed. Count Dracula and the vampiresses are killed by the ‘children of the light’ in order to make things right in the world. Because they are successful in defeating them, they no longer need to worry about the existence of a creature who defies all natural laws by being both dead and alive at the same time. Similarly, Renfield is killed off because he cannot exist in the world that the other characters wish to live in. He is a madman who was able to see things much more clearly than the ‘children of the light’, and thus must be eliminated from the story. In the case of Lucy and the three sisters, each one is killed by a male with a large stake. The stake acts as a phallic symbol, thus asserting the man’s power over these voluptuous women. In the scene where the vampire Lucy is killed off, Arthur is the one who ends her life while all of her other suitors stand and watch. This makes all things right because it allows Arthur to assert his power and take his rightful place as her husband. To correct the destabilization of gender roles, Mina and Jonathan are not killed off, but are given defined societal roles by the end of the novel. As the ‘children of the light’ are hot on Dracula’s trail, Mina’s transformation into a vampire has already begun to occur. She does not take part in the killing of Dracula, despite the fact that it was her careful work that ensured the discovery of his whereabouts. â€Å"By instructing the men to read the death rite, she gives herself over to the patriarchal control.† (Prescott and Giorgio 505) Mina gives herself over to the men because she allows them to assert their ultimate control over her; she does not want to turn into a vampire because she would become a sexual creature, thus destroying her image as a pure Victorian woman. Patriarchal control is also established when we learn that Mina has become a loving mother. This puts Jonathan in the role of the bread-winning husband while Mina becomes a maternal figure. Stoker’s Dracula comes to a close when all things have been ‘made right’ in the world of the characters that he has created. Each character who possesses conflicting traits is either reformed so that he or she no longer represents a threat to familiar notions, or, if they cannot change, they are simply disposed of all together. Mina and Jonathan Harker’s gender roles are reconciled, Lucy’s sexuality is laid to rest and she is prevented from becoming an unacceptable mother figure, the madman who knows too much is killed in his asylum cell, and Count Dracula and his three vampire sisters are all disposed of so that the characters no longer need to experience the sense of cognitive dissonance which boggles their minds. The story has a happy ending and the remaining characters are free to live their lives without having to question their sanity. Works CitedDemetrakopoulos, Stephanie. â€Å"Feminism, Sex Role Changes, and Other Subliminal Fantasies in Bram Stoker’s Dracula.† Frontiers 11(1977): 104-112.Prescott, Charles and Grace A. Giorgio. â€Å"Vampiric Affinities: Mina Harker and the Paradox of Femininity in Bram Stoker’s Dracula.† Victorian Literature and Culture 33(2): 487-515Stoker, Bram. Dracula. Toronto, ON: Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 1994.