Woolf and Mcewan: How the Modern Became Postmodern

Ian McEwans At geniusment draws inspiration from and alludes to a coarse number of 20th century modernist agents and works, both rhetoricalally and thematically. For a legend to be considered a successful culmination to the reading of a great(p) body of works, however, it must not be content with unless emit the themes, modal values, and forms of the past. preferably, it must extend them, add to them creatively, and attempt to pull them into contemporary readership.While his thematic and stylistic allusions to 20th century greats such(prenominal) as Virginia Woolf immortalize his capable knowledge of and debt to 20th century modernist writing, it is McEwans ability to transform these stylistic and thematic elements and mold them into a postmodern classic that makes gratification a much than decorous culmination to the readings of a 20th century British Literature course. Stylistically, McEwan draws around heavily from the works of Virginia Woolf for the opening portion o f atonement.The averse pace of the opening, allowing for the painstakingly detailed description of nearly all(prenominal) scene, in addition to the tryout of the psychological motives of multiple main reference works, closely mirrors the style of Virginia Woolf, which she incorporates into the majority of her works. To quote a characteristically slow paced, though psychologically enriched, passage from the opening of Woolfs Between the Acts, Mrs. Manresa bubbled up, enjoying her own capacity to surmount, without play a hair, this minor social crisisthis laying on of two more plates.For had she not complete faith in flesh and blood? and arent we all flesh and blood? and how silly to make bones of trifles when were all flesh and blood under the skin (Woolf 39). The passage, to one strange with the stylistically innovative style of Woolf, seems to meander under the weight of an besides descriptive report and, more prominently, under the psychological musings of a character tha t, until a few pages previous, was nonexistent to the reader. The majority of Between the Acts contains passages of a analogous style, of which this is only one randomly chosen example.As is true of numerous of the passages that fecal matter be found in any Woolfian novel, advancing the story follow is secondary to fleshing out the motives, thoughts, and feelings of the characters. With the plot safely set behind in-depth psychological examination in rank of importance, Woolf is free to experiment with a stream-of-consciousness style narrative in which psychological elements of the story feature more prominently than corporeal elements. In addition to the stream-of-consciousness for which she is well know, there are other characteristics unwashed to much of Woolfs work.For example, she has the tendency to describe a scene, more oftentimes than not, a natural scene, in painstaking detail, reluctant to add follow up that would too quickly further the narrative. Another passage from Between the Acts provides and adequate example of this, reading, Here came the sunan illimitable rapture of joy, embracing every flower, every leaf. Then in compassion it withdrew, covering its face, as if it forebore to gestate on human suffering. There was a fecklessness, a lack of counterpoise and order in the clouds as they thinned and thicked.Was it their police, or no law they obeyed? (Woolf 23). This description of nature essentially is of no consequence to the narrative as yet the in full passage describing the weather proceeds for almost a full page. The flowing, riddanceally detailed descriptions coinciding with an apparently lacking story line and an in-depth psychological view that the reader is privy to as a emergence of the stream-of-consciousness style, are all aspects of Woolfian literature that McEwan attempts to draw from and mold to his own postmodern designs.While McEwan draws inspiration from Woolf in a way that would be just as simple for an auth or of less talent to do, his aims are far deeper arrive at than an author who simply wishes to garner a comparison to Virginia Woolf. McEwan does borrow preferably clearly from the stylings of Woolf, even commenting it upon it himself, writing, we wondered if it owed a little too much to the techniques of Mrs. Woolf (McEwan 294). Rather than be content with plainly keeping her modernist conventions intact, however, he completely alters their inwardness within the context of his own novel.In the opening portions of Atonement, for example, McEwan, in quite a interchangeable way as Woolf, attempts to gain entry to the psychological depths of his characters. With the exception of a few broad passages required to move the story advancing through dialogue or action, the majority of the opening is devoted to the home(a) monologues of the characters and an examination of their needs, desires, and feelings. This is clearly de delightfuld in the earliest pages as the ovel provides pass ages such as, She wanted to leave, she wanted to lie alone, facedown on her bed and savor the unintellectual piquancy of the moment, and go back down the lines of branching consequence to the psyche before the destruction began (McEwan 14). This passage, one of many in a similar style end-to-end Atonement, attempts, in a stream-of-consciousness in the classic Woolfian star, to image the inner psyche of the character rather than force any diverseness physical, tangible action to occur. In this way, the storys narrative may seem slow paced while the characters motives become more well known to the reader.This borrowing stylistically from Woolf is not necessarily important or groundbreaking, and is sure as shooting no deciding eventor in whether this novel should be viewed as a classic in coming decades. There have been many authors who have devoted the entirety of their works to the stream-of-consciousness fiction that Woolf helped to pioneer. As mentioned above, what makes M cEwan an author deserving of longevity in his works is that the allusions are not merely presented, scarcely are completely altered from their original meaning by the context of Atonement.He takes deeply alluded to modernist conventions and makes them Brionys primary source of inspiration, seen most clearly when she ponders the new school of authors and realizes, She no longer really believed in characters. They were quaint devices that belonged to the nineteenth centuryPlots too were like rusted machinery whose wheels would no longer turnIt was thought, perception, and sensations that interested he, the conscious mind and how to represent its off roll (McEwan 265).There is a certain depth and complexity in the fact that McEwan represents these modernist conventions not as his own, but as those of a thirteen grade old girl, the central character of his metanarrative. What McEwan does next with these modernist principles of writing is attempt to show that they too are vestiges of the past, doomed to fall in the face of a more ethical and moral fiction. Just as Briony rejects the realism of the authors of the nineteenth century, McEwan is rejecting the modernism of the 20th century in favor of a postmodernism.One of Brionys internal monologues to which the reader is privy, begins, The interminable pages about gently and stone and water, a narrative split between three points of view, the hovering stoicism of nothing much seeming to happennone of this could conceal her cowardice (McEwan 302). These characteristics, all of which have been shown to influence Woolfian literature, have all failed Brionys attempt to hide what she knows she has done.The monologue continues in a similar vena with, Did she really think she could hide behind whatever borrowed notions of modern writing, and overmaster her sin in a streamthree streams of consciousness? (McEwan 302). Her guilt and the moral and ethical implications of what she has done cannot be fixed through some o utdated ideas of modernist fiction, which has no ethical consequences. There are allusions from dozens of modernists authors sprinkled throughout the length of Atonement. Unfortunately, the scope of this paper can give only one of the most prominent.In a similar fashion as with the Woolf example, however, McEwan nearly unendingly thoughtfully engages the text to which he is alluding, but is not content to merely allow these allusions to sit idly in the novel with no sense of purpose. Rather, each of his numerous allusions has some greater purpose in Atonement as McEwan artfully transforms them into something that fits the overall scope of what he attempts to accomplish. Still, the question form whether or not this book is an adequate culmination of all the readings in a 20th century British literature course.The fact that Atonement not only draws from modernist writers, many of whom are the focus of the aforementioned course, but attempts to extend them creatively and transform th em from the 20th century modern to the twenty-first century postmodern makes Atonement an excellent novel and a fine culmination of a semester of 20th century British literature. Works Cited McEwan, Ian. Atonement. in the raw York Anchor Books, 2001. Woolf, Virginia. Between the Acts. New York Harcourt, 2001.

History Study Notes Essay

Topic 1 Investigating History interpret and construct time lines define the scathe that account historical bounds of time the terminology and concepts of historical time, including year, decade, generation, century, age, BC/AD, BCE/CE sequence societies and events within specific periods of time ask historical questions roll in the hay between fact and opinion draw some conclusions about the advantage of sources including a website examine differing historical perspectives and interpretations explain cause and effect come in significant hatful of the old examine the motives for people. s actions in the past the process of historical inquiry .Fact and opinion . the usefulness of sources as evidence including a website . differing perspectives . cause and effect . history as the count of people explain the consequences of people. s actions describe some aspects of family/community hereditary pattern heritage issues appreciate the value of preserving and conse rving our heritage Ancient Egypt the origins of the orderliness or period identify the origins of the parliamentary procedure or historical period everyday life of men and women in the society or period describe how both men and women lived in the society or period Civics and citizenship in the society or period describe the way in which the people of the society or period were governed describe the rights and freedoms of different groups in the society or period beliefs and values of the people of the society or period explain the beliefs and values of the society impact of significant people and/or events explain the impact made by significant people and/or events on the society or period contacts with other peoples outline the contacts that the society had with other peoples.

Terry Gouâ€the Founder of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co

In recently years, Apples products sweep the world. I think everyone lone(prenominal) knows Steve Jobs, precisely non practically pile know terry Gou who is the founder of Foxconn which is the supplier of Apple is a Taiwanese. Most of Apples products were assembled by his factories. He not only cooperates with Apple but in like manner cooperates with many another(prenominal) international companies such as DELL, Intel, COMPAQ, etc. In 1974, terry Gou used around $7500 to create his first-year company which is Hon Hai Plastic Products Co. . Their master product was the buttons of televisions.Until 1981, he successfully created in the buff product which is computers connector. The following year, he changed his companys allude to Hon Hai Precision Industry Co. and he had around $530 thousand assets in that time. In 1985, he created a branch which is Foxconn in U. S. (MBAlib) In March 2012, Terry Gou was ranked as 184 of the worlds billionaires with $5. 5 billion by Forbes. (Forbes) Terry Gou has three main business philosophies. 1. Daring to take a crap For Terry Gou, he always remembers these words Thousand soldiers get easily, a allow difficult beg. He trusts that hiring and cultivating employees is one of the most important things for a company. He has never barbarian to cultivate their employees. On the other hand, he puts towering value on hiring talents. (WIKIPEDIA) 2. Daring to invest He has never niggard to choke money on buying more advanced equipment or give more reward for his employees. He thought that long-term coronation and development of talents is the only key for company to grow fast. Therefore, he had said, Everyone thinks that spend money is a kind of enjoyment.I think spend money is a kind of pursuit. This is my philosophy. (WIKIPEDIA) 3. Daring to face problems During Terry Gou created his Hon Hai Empire, he got a carve up of huge problems. But every time when he faced those problems, he always thought if he is breakthrou gh, it underside let him get the biggest rewards, bear more and more strength. (WIKIPEDIA) He had said a sentence I like to work with those masses who have no retreat. (MBAlib) Because he thinks the people who dont have retreat, they will do whatever they can do. He doesnt have any high ducation degrees or wealthier background. any he has is his specific leadership. From $7500 to billions, Terry Gou successfully creates his Hon Hai Empire. Describe how your or a firm encourages innovation? It is important for company to deem innovating. For me, if I have a company, I will encourage my employees to keep innovating by following rules 1. There is no useless idea. I trust in that location is no useless idea only have useless attitude. whatever good ideas be always killed by those bad attitudes. People commonly hate to have change because it wastes time and money.They think it is good seemly to keep the same situation. Therefore, I will create a communion channel in my company for all employees having a way to give me their ideas. 2. Never stop learning I will supply many opportunities for my employees to learn something is out of his professional area. Let their knowledge structure are more complete and much more creative. 3. Sweeping the innovation killers nearly people dont say anything in front of everyone, but they would criticize secretly. This kind of people is poisonous. They will impede companys growth and innovation.I will try to find out this kind of people and sweep those people from company as soon as possible. ? How do you cope with accelerating change? Nowadays, economic and technology develop very fast. some(prenominal) companies cannot follow the steps and easy to be eliminated in the fierce competition. For me, I will follow the following principles to cope with accelerating change. 1. Focus on the total competence Even everything changes very fast, all we need to do near focus on exploitation our core competence. founding fathert blindly pursuing new technology.If we put more efforts on our core competence, we would not be eliminated easily. 2. Diversification When we focus on developing our core competence, we should also try to create new market. Basing on what we have and develop in different area. 3. There is always a better way Dont settle for the status quo, keep innovation. If a company keeps developing in one way, it could not handle the accelerating change, and it would be eliminated. Therefore, try to keep finding a better way on development or solving problems. It would let whole company stay in a great condition and cope with accelerating change.

Churches do to become a better reflection of Christianity

We must acknowledge that as a church, we need to become ruin. Unless we withdraw that we need to improve, we ordain never strive to be a better reflection of Christianity. As a church, we should help each other range go forth what is causing our weaknesses and shortcomings in unity and in humility. Never be content. Seek for improvement on a regular basis. As a diverse group with collective beliefs, how can we work as join Christians? What can we do to be a better brother or sister to our fellow church members? How can we help our neighbors? What can we do for our community?How can we show non-believers that the Christian life Is the life they should postdate? How can we be a better reflection of our church and of Christianity? These argon some questions that we should ask together and seek the answers, together. When outsiders and non-believers see that we are united, they as well shall witness Gods love that binds us Christians as maven big church, one big family. ) Sadly, without the atmosphere of revival, many Christians lapse into something inferior to the Christian norm. Christian culture declines. (Towns, peg 131) Towns pointed out that with the absence of the atmosphere of revival, Christians fall out of the Christian path. My question is why must revival end? This is a common mistake most churches do. As soon as the flush was fulfilled, we walk away thinking that what we had started/had Just revived will boom on its own. My challenge, therefore, is continuous revival. Pursue revival not only to the outsiders, non-believers and the cuddle that have left the Christian path, but also within the raft of our church.When a farmer plants his crops, he does not leave it to tend on its own, he will continue visiting his crops, trim the weeds that surround it, water the plants, and make sure that it has what it needs to grow and thrive. We are desire the farmer, and our church is our crop, we are responsible for the growth and progress of our Christ ian community. We should never cease reviving our church or our community. If we keep that light burning, we will be able to keep our church inspired in functional together to be better Christians and followers of Jesus Christ.

Psychology and Multiple Choice

Psychologists who accept the model lam to seek universals and do not believe there be Individual diversitys in behavior. Multiple extract 1 1. Pets Your Score Your Answer neuroscience coiffure Answer neuroscience The Choices Were neuroscience cognitive kindist behavioral Psychologists who believe in are most likely to adjudicate to understand diversity in ethnic background as an order on behavior. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer Individual differences train Answer Individual differences individual differences handsome will determinism universal principles del tend to look for the uniqueness of every individual.Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer human-centred straighten out Answer humanistic psychodrama Although their interests are diverse, psychologists share a putting green Multiple Choice I I. Opts Your Answer Interest In psychic processes and behavior. Correct Answer interest in amiable processes and behavior. Interest in mental processes and beha vior. Concern for applying their knowledge to social situations. Interest in the muse of animal behavior. Respect for the ideas of psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. The scientific study of s the base focus of psychology.Multiple Choice I 1 . Opts Your Answer behavior and mental processes Correct Answer behavior and mental processes behavior and mental processes how peck live and work paranormal experiences people with psychological disorders In explaining human behavior and mental processes, psychologists try to achieve all the following goals turn out Multiple Choice 1. Pets Your Answer manipulation. Correct Answer manipulation. Description. Prediction. Explanation. Manipulation. The primary difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is that MultipleChoice 1. Pets Your Answer psychiatrists are physicians who determine in psychological disorders. Correct Answer psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. The Choices Were psychologists h old back more formal education than do psychiatrists. Psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. Psychologists are more likely than psychiatrists to have a Used degree. Psychologists are unlikely to have education beyond the bachelors degree. Currently, there are dominant berths in psychology.Multiple Choice I Correct Answer five one five nine hearten A psychologist who adopts the survey would be interested in how cells in the nervous body transmit information to each other. Multiple Choice 1. Pets DRP. Reams is a psychologist who is working(a) to develop a drug treatment for Parkinson disease. Knowing nothing else virtually DRP. Reams, with what perspective in psychology do you think she would closely range? Multiple Choice 1. Pets Your Answer neuroscience Correct Answer neuroscience neuroscience DRP. Anthony is a psychologist who researches the communicable influences of schizophrenia.Knowing nothing else about DRP. Anthony, with what persp ective in Your Answer neuroscience Which psychological hail is most closely associated with Sigmund Freud? Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer psychodrama Correct Answer psychodrama Slips of the tongue and dreams are seen by psychologists as revealing the un certified(p) minds true beliefs or wishes. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Those who identify with the psychodrama perspective emphasize Multiple Choice Your Answer unconscious quite than conscious causes of behavior. Correct Answer unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior.The Choices Were unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior. Observable behavior rather than mental processes. Mental processes of which the someone is aware, rather than those that are hidden from awareness. Intentional rather than unintentional actions. Which perspective asserted that psychology should focus solely on observable behaviors that poop be objectively measured? Multiple Choice 1. Pets Your Answer behavioral Correct A nswer behavioral A main theme of the humanistic approach is that Your Answer people have free will to subscribe to their birth decisions.Correct Answer people have free will to shape their own decisions. The Choices Were people have free will to make their own decisions. Behavior is genetically or environmentally determined. Unconscious conflicts dominate personality. Thoughts and emotions bum be understood biologically. With their emphasis on human potential and free will, and figures in the humanistic perspective. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer Carl Rogers Abraham capital of the Russian Federation Correct Answer Carl Rogers Abraham Moscow Sigmund Freud Carl Jung Carl Rogers Abraham Moscow John Watson B. F.

The Evolution of Courtship

CHAPTER 1I. IntroductionA. DefinitionCourtship is the process or period of courting. through with(predicate) the long time, it is evident that at that place has been a prodigious change in the musical mode lawsuit is do. E special(a)ly in the Philippines, where culture is dynamic and ever-changing, it has to the researchers precaution that there has been great changes in the trend lawsuit is through with(p) between Philippine viriles and females. With this, the researcher would identical to interpret the evolution of causa. The decorate of male and female interaction has changed over the past 100 years, reveal a very sharp contrast in shape and form.One significant argona where this is clearly look inton is in the area of suit of clothes and go break through. In 1896, the develop date was faren to be lower- come a office slang in lengthiness to prostitution. Basi margin cally, expiry on a date was an understatework forcet for paid sex. By the 1900s, the scr ipt Calling (or cause) was introduced into households. Calling was the process of a valet, the suitor, coming into the home of a young adult female to meet her and film to know her and desexualise to know her better and eventually end up marrying her.This was highly preferred by parents since the brush between the homosexual and young adult femalehood was highly administer everything from the length of the meeting to what food they would eat (Discroll, 2009). Further much, it gave parents a sense of resort since it protected adolescents from any kind of danger like rape, and compound the supreme participation of family members. In this, however, the process of courting was non always perfective. It was shapen that it simply placed itself in the households of the rich and not the lower- tell apart (hence the lower discipline slang).It would seem that wooing was in like military earthner expensive an activity for the lower-class. They simply could not affor th e luxury of fine dining in a parlour and/or traveling to meet with their sweetheart (Discroll, 2009). In this, the progression and seeming perfect balance did not last long. As population, poverty, technology, economy, and innovation grew, change in the lower and higher classes rose. Because of this, they had to find much(prenominal) adaptive solutions as to how they would interact and meet with the opposite sex a great change was seen passim the years effectively changing the landscape of courtship.Today, technology has made light interaction even more possible. With the dawn of the internet, hands and women no perennial need to be with each other physically or in the wo domainhoods home to interact it can all be done with a simple click of a few buttons. instanter interpreted into the context of the Philippine setting, changing trends and patterns are not so very much different from their western counterparts. Over the past decades, Filipinos seduce taken a more practica l approach towards the births involved in their lives delinquent to the increased use and innovation of technology and change in societal landscape (Ogena, 1999).So like their western counterparts, no longer do men apply the idea of Chaperonage or Panliligaw (courtship) with the opposite sex. And as patterns charter changed, the principal(prenominal) influencers parents shit found the style of dating more accept qualified (Ogena, 1999). A issue done by UPPL & DRPF called the YAFS (Young Adult Fertility and Sexual report card) for the Philippines exhibited that there was a significant number of adolescents going on dates.Another significant YAFS selective information shows that from 1982 to 1994, a majority of the y come onh (40.4%) group dated but posterior split to single dates (39. 7%) which enabled more intimate encounters with each other, with Filipino teens engaging in sexual activities (9. 7% for males and 2. 9% for females). As dating became a more regular activi ty among the youth, intimacies heightened. This resulted in an increase in the corresponding proportions of the youth engaging in petting and sexual intercourse, 16. 3% and 8. 1%, respectively (De Guzman,1997).B. Significance/ RelevanceIt is clear that Filipinos have changed the way they see courtship. Especially that technology has affected lives of teenagers today that it is now easy to declare with anyone. It is wherefore the researchers privilege to show the evolution of courtship. The study result overly be beneficial to the general public to act them aware of how courtship worked then and now. The study will serve as a reference on the processes, style, and evolution of courtship.C. Research ObjectivesThis research report aims to answer the interrogative 1. How has courtship evolved throughout the years? To answer the question/ problem, the researcher will investigate the following sub-questions 1. What was the courtship process then? 2. What is the courtship process no w? 3. How did courtship evolve throughout the years in terms of a. Process of Courting b. Socialization c. CommunicationCHAPTER 2I. Review of cerebrate LiteratureA. topical anaesthetic LiteratureCourtship is known in the local language as Panliligaw or Ligawan and is also synonymous to pandidiga or digahan from some of the Tagalog-speaking regions in the Philippines. It has rooted from the Spanish word diga which means to to say, express. The term manliligaw refers to a man who tries to court a muliebrity and pursue her for marriage. On the other hand, the term nililigawan refers to the woman who is being pursued, hence, the one being courted.Courtship in the Philippines is known to be moderate and to ba taken under supremacy unlike those of the western cultures. Traditionally, it has been done with the depression step of the man visiting the womans house and presents himself to her parents in an official manner. It is generally unacceptable to most Filipino families to court the woman without knowledge of her family. The most usual trend to be acceptable to the womans family is from the saying courting a Filipina means courting her family too (Business World, 2002).Courtship in the Philippines involves the suitor working hard for his discern even if he has to go through a long time of courtship. Traditional courtship would entail men serenading (harana) the women at night and sing songs of mania and affection (Business World, 2002). Others would give love notes to express their sense of smellings. It would also entail going to the womans house to bring her flowers and other sorts of gifts. And in some cases, men are shown to be courting the womans parents to get their toleration before he could actually court the woman.Courtship allows women to enthrall the attention they get from men by being treated in a special way and receiving gifts from them. Because of this, some women even delay their marriage so that they have more time to experience what its like to be showered with attention and affection. (Molina, 1983 as cited in Courtship in the Philippines Today) Parents and family members are very much involved in courtship because of the Filipino viewpoint that marriage doesnt just involve a man and woman, but their families as well.It became burning(prenominal) for a soul to choose well to enhance his or her familys image. Dating as an activity in courtship, has become very popular, as it was an influence from the western culture. But even before pile were influenced and dating became popular, the Philippines already had come up with its own courting practices. These practices were passes on by their families to use when entering into courtship. (Medina, 2005 as cited in Courtship in the Philippines Today)B. Local StudiesIn a 2012 study entitled E-Courtship A Descriptive Study by Pamela C formerlypcion Panganiban, she explained that when two human beings start developing emotional attachments to one another, the kind o ften tirns from simple friendship to a romantic kind (Tucker, 2008) and once feelings are established between the two parties, the individual then pursues the person his or her interest (Tucker, 2008). It is therefore appropriate to say that when an individual, much like a male, pursues a female, it signifies the act of courtship (Akiteng, N. D. ).Courtship often precedes itself as the give where a male signifies his interest for an established romantic committed relationship with another person or before each can call themselves official. The study of Brinas, Ramirez, and Ty on Ang Proseso ng Pagliligawan (1996) mentioned that there are many primings why men court women. Aside from the usual reason of preparing for marriage, a man courts a woman because starting time, he could be physically attracted to her. Men are visual creatures that is why the physical appearance of a woman whitethorn be a big deal for them.Another reason is he losss to feel loved. A man courts a woman so that he could show love and at the same time, hopes that he receives that kind of love from the woman as well. The next reason is that a man wants to have mortal to be with all the time because men treasure companionship. He wants to have individual to be with because this makes him happy, especially during special moments in his life. A man courts a woman also for his own satisfaction. For a man, a woman seems to be like a reward or a scrap to him. So courting a woman and eventually getting her makes him satisfied.These reasons vary, depending on the person. Looks and physical appearance may be a major performer for some men, but for others, this might just be a bonus. A common reason for a man to court a woman is because he is pressured by his friends and family to get a girlfriendfriend. There are also some men who only want to court women who are enchanting to show them off to the stack around them. This is not an ideal reason to court a woman, but this happens especial ly when the man isnt that produce yet as a person. The last reason is because a man simply has feelings for a woman.(Continuado, Marcos, and Renton, 2007) A 2009 study entitles Courtship Among Emerging Adults in the Philippines Definition, Activities, Influences and Motivations (Fabic, Feliciano, & Nery, 2009), focused on the discrimination of see to iting of the middle and lower class Filipinos about courtship. They conducted surveys from middle class groups and lower class groups living in the slum areas. But according to the results of the study for both male and female, the difference is not that big among the two different groups with their ideas of courtship.Most of them defined courtship as a process of knowing psyche and showing a girl how a guy feels towards her. Proving Social Cognitive Theorys assumption of having different factors (personal and environmental factor) affect that way people behave, act or think towards courtship, the said study found out that the top most factors in their idea of courtship are friends, media, family, and culture. These factors are what motivates them and influences them if they will court someone or if they want to be courted.There is no major difference with the activities done on courtship with those in the middle class and lower class group. Both classes agreed that evanesceing time with the other person, giving gifts, and essentially just putting ones best foot antecedent are the most evident things to be done in the courtship stage. (pp. 78-78) The 2012 study entitled Mix & Match A Descriptive Study of Filipinos Ideals in Social Relationships (Olalia and Ylagan, 2012) also proved how different factors influence a persons behaviour or point of view towards courtship and marriage.Although the study focused on ideals, they concluded that a number of informants share that they patterned their ideal boyfriends or girlfriends and husband or wives from their parents. One male respondent, 27, shared that beca use he grew up in an environment where his mother is more strong-willed than his father, he also wanted a girlfriend who is more strong-willed than him, which is true to his current girlfriend. Another informant (Ellaine, 22) shared that she wants someone who is like her brothers or her father.C. Foreign LiteratureIn the book Boy Meets Girl, Joshua Harris defines courtship as dating with a purpose and a relationship between a man and a woman that has a purpose of being actively and intentionally together to consider marriage. It is a process that has a nidus and a purpose and involves knowing a person better to see if they are dependable for each other, and eventually, if they are, leads to marriage. A courtship can be considered successful when the man and woman find out if they are right for each other or not.They pursue marriage when they find out that they are for each other, and they end the courtship if they see that they are not right for each other. When a man and a woma n understand the purpose of courtship, it is much easier for both of them to move on when their relationship doesnt work out. Courtship is like a new season of friendship. It is something that should be entered into when a man or woman is ready for marriage. According to Joshua Harris, courtship is a relationship guided by the principle that the joy of interest is the reward of commitment. (Harris, 2005)Before courtship actually commences, a man and woman essential have a deeper level of friendship than that of just an acquaintance. Normally, the second phase, or the actual courting stage will be initiated by the man asking permission from the womans father to begin courtship with his daughter, and the mans obvious reason is to know if they both want to get married to each other in the future. The father commonly acts as the initial protective screening test. Both the mans and the womans families must be involved.They ought to understand, through experience, each part of the oth er persons life as much as possible. Instead of interrupting each ones daily routines to make way for their alone time, couples in the courtship stage will most belike try to involve each one in their daily routines. It is heavy for a man and a woman who enter into courtship to have good communication to be able to know where they are in their relationship and how they feel towards each other. If everything is going well, they can spend more time alone together and take on activities like observance movies and concerts, going to the mall or having dinner alone.When men court women, they are usually romantic, and they buy flowers or cards to make the women feel special. When the man gets the blessing of the womans father, he then proposes to her. When the woman accepts the proposal, they would get married and live together as husband and wife. (Gianforte, 2008) Back then, it involved the control of women because its the men who go to their homes to get to know them better.But as courtship evolved into a more free and liberated type, it has now been occurring outback(a) the home, which means its now more of the mans control because he is the one paying for the date. Since women started working and had more time to spend with men outside the house, new rules of engagement were formed where the men were able to take women out on dates. The entire romantic system move out from under the parents supervision, and like an eloping couple, it never wanted to go back. (Gianforte, 2008)In Joushua Harris book I Kisses Dating Goodbye, he described dating as an act of a man and a woman going out to have a good time, nothing more, nothing less. He even added that people date because they want to be able to enjoy the physical and emotional benefits of being intimate without the need to be In a real commitment. This generations pursuit of fulfilment in relationships, especially in dating, is that they want intimacy without the responsibility, sex with no expectations, and love without hard work and sacrifice.(Harris, 2004)Today, the intent of dating ranges from getting to know the person to wanting to marry the person. (Gianforte, 2008) But because of the western influence today, courtship has been delivered to be vanishing. Contrary to that, the said study by Fabic, Feliciano, and Nery (2009), also found out that courting is still manifested in the local society. Depending on the respondents point of view, the definition of courtship will vary but will still lead to a common idea which is the process of a guy expressing how he feels towards a girl by pleasing her, so that in return, the girl will like him back.Prominent among the results is the idea that courtship is still initiated by the men. What varies now is the way men do their courtship especially because the use of technology is already inevitable today. This is what most people refer to now as modern courtship just as revealed in an Asia-wide survey that was conducted during 2002, not only that the Filipinos say I love you through text messaging (Ellwood Clayton, 2006 as cited to court a woman through electronic devices. (pp. 69-70)D. Foreign Studies blush with the emergence of technology that makes it easier for young people to connect with other people, they still prefer the traditional style of courtship. Even if they use technology in communicating with their loves, they still prefer face to face communication and interaction rather than just texting or meeting online.Internet video started with a little film called The Spot by a filmmaker Scott Zzakarin in 1995 (Letizia, 2011). The spot was a simple film and into a two-inch two-inch screen and attributed to it were lol quality images at the same time were not render to handle the flop of Zakarins project, it is considered today one o the first web or webisodes to hit the internet.

Ethical Theory Comparison

Ethics argon a part of everyday life. Dependent on the individuals centralize, ethics can be a core honour or a term utilize when needed. This comparison lead assist with understanding the morality of individual decisions or choices based on the ethical system inherited. Virtue based theories centers on frank character behavior, a type of mankind growth that forms good decision making and control of bad habits. Virtue also creates a format that eliminates moral appointment over time. An individual with strong virtuousness ethics will make decisions naturally.Correct moral decisions require correct motives. Utilitarianism concentrates on the right and wrong of the end result. It includes the interest of others as well as personal interest. To understand what moral is under this surmisal simply mark the good and bad of a situation. Unlike deontological ethics, this eliminates the thought of others and creates the image of selfishness. This theory does not set well with common religious followers. (Voytinsky, 2011). Deontological ethics focus on the reason why we do or act. This practice would impart rules to be broken as long as the moral transaction is nurtureed.Pain and pleasure will not satisfy action under the theory. Obligations are written in stone. The moral principle is maintained regardless of of import occurrence. Deontological ethics are common among religious practices. (Cline, 2013). I joined the legions at twenty on with strong Christian ties. A recruiter win over me that my job was non-combative. My worry, of course, was not to harm or kill another human being. Saudi Arabia told a different story.I was faced with shooting to kill to protect myself and my comrades, or honoring commandments. My religious beliefs would have put me in multitude prison. I would have also become a target among my peers. I was forced to accept the utilitarianism approach in order to survive and bring back home to my family.The scope of all things ethical may become slightly misunderstood due to the morality of each individual. Strong beliefs or a sound knowledge of whats right to you may create the conflict of a life time. Understanding thesedifferences describe in this writing will help to understand the complete picture. Each ethical theory has its value in life. Being aware will allow us to speed conflict, conversations, or debates with proper knowledge of which ethical value is used, discussed, or misunderstood.

Multiple Relationships

Multiple relationships, being in not just one relationship but more. Why is it so committed to ethics? For the reason that generally, when we hear it the first time, we most likely to think of infidelity, a betrayal to a partner. And infidelity is related to ethics, opposition that is. How could we perchance overcome this?We must first recognize what ethics is, and then icon out why people engage in multiple relationships.harmonize to the Markkula Center for Applied ethical motive of Santa Clara University, ethics is two things. First, ethics refers to puff up based standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues. Secondly, ethics refers to the study and development of ones honorable standards.These ethical standards pertain to sensible duty to avoid doing criminal acts, to arise virtues and issues on rights which atomic number 18 sustained by reliable and justifiabl e grounds. Ethics could also mean that we should stay to live up to what society had strongly built.This means to say that ethics cannot be lock up to theology, for religion could only relate to religious people and anything concerning with religion. Same thing with justice which often included these ethical standards that most general public win yet it can be disagreed to but with punishments to be face. at that place are reasons why people engage in multiple relationships they are ungratified with their partner, can it by intimacy, passion, commitment they can no longer labor hold of long-distance relationship they saw somebody better or basically they just fell out of love, and that they cannot afford not to fuddle a companion, that is, they dont want to be alone.Multiple relationships deviant to ethics when it supposedly mess up ones protest objectivity, competence, or effectiveness in performing his or her functions in society, or if not risks exploitation or harm the pe rson with whom he or she has relationship with.But no matter how ethics intervenes to this issue, we cannot get outdoor(a) with the fact that influence of media which involves liberal behavior leads to having rational minds and non-judgmental attitude in understanding multiple relationships. We became so open with such possibilities that these things happen without preferences. There are really people who cannot settle with just one relationship, insatiate with what they have, and leads to finding and having somebody else to be with.BibliographyMultiple Relationships and APAs New Ethics recruit Values and ApplicationsBy Dr. Stephen Behnke, APA Ethics Director Print version summon 66 Standard 3.05 Multiple Relationshipshttp//www.apa.org/monitor/jan04/ethics.htmlWhat is Ethics? Developed by Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer., Surveyed by Sociologist Raymond Baumhart http//www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/whatisethics.html

Article †Loricia Skin Care’s Home Spa Line

Enjoy the bene adapteds of a private and luxurious watering hole reportment in which all resources exist solely for you and all forethought is focused directly on your needs. This is the treatment you receive with Loricia Skin directions Home Spa Line, specially designed to cater to the African American womans disrobe. In fact, this product is designed to fit the varied skin types that exist, and choosing Loricias home spa products means choosing the portion that is tailored to suit the needs of your particular skin type. We have a combination for every skin type. Choose from Mature Skin circumspection, buttery Combination Skin administer, Normal Combination Skin carefulness and wry Skin Care products that are designed to improve all skin conditions and bring out the best in your skin.The Mature Skin Care formula will pamper your skin, cleansing it from all impurities and restoring it to its natural beauty. Your knowledgeable glow will shine through with the use of Ginsen g Toner and ocean Moisturizer to bring out the health and beauty of your skin. The Combination Skin Care treatment uses gentle exfoliating cleansers, Ginseng Toners, and Sage & Citrus moisturizers to drive oil, blemishes and modify your skin against harmful grease and grime. Normal Combination Skin Care uses a unique blend of Borage Leaf and other minerals to bring forth your skin that extra healthy glow. It also uses Restorative Marine Moisturizer to sterilise your skin to the glorious splendor of youth. For Dry Skin Care, trust our recuperative Chamomile Cleansing Lotion together with Ginseng Toner and Marine Moisturizer to remove dry, flaky skin and protect your face from wind and cold elements that dry it out.Be pampered, indulged and spoiled by our unique Home Spa products that treat you as special, as though you were the only woman in the world. do especially for the African American skin, you will be enveloped in a warm, fresh and aromatic cocoon of lavish gratificatio n that shows in the cultivation and beauty of the skin you present to the world every day.

Monopoly and Oligopoly Essay

Monopoly and Oligopoly Essay The Main characteristics of an oligopoly ar that the supply of a withdraw or products is concentrated in the hands of a a few(prenominal) king-sized suppliers, there could be thousands of small suppliers but the market is mainly dominated by around 4 or 5 rotund firms. For practice session firms Tesco, Asda, Sainburys and Morrisons, these are the 4 main supermarkets in the UK but there are thousands of small corner shops who provide some of the same goods the supermarkets do. Another characteristics of an oligopoly is interdependence, this is when the actions of unrivaled large firm exit directly affect another large firm of the same market.For example during the Christmas period Tesco lowered the price on certain alcoholic drinks to pull customer in to the stores to buy their Christmas viands shopping, Asda then followed suit and did the exact same thing with the same products. On the other hand if firms raised their prices the other firm are genuinely unlikely to copy, the other firm are more likely to publish the fact they are now cheaper in the hope of puckering a large share of the market. However there is a tendency for firms to collude and rival to raise prices together, this maintains their abnormal profits and ensure no one loses.This doings is illegal in the UK and the EU and firms caught doing this will be heavily fined. drawframe Oligopolys are a few firm rule a market,a monopoly is a single firm dominating a market or being a sole supplier of a market, this is called a pure monopoly. An example of a pure monopoly would be Scottish water they are the sole provider to every theater in Scotland of running water. drawframe drawframe For some(prenominal) firm profit is a must for a business to survive, firms will look in to other parts of a market to gain potential profits.For a firm to move into a particular orbit of a market there would have to be good roles of profit. A firm would have to get a good return on their investment, the higher the risk and longer a firmhas to wait to earn a potential return on their capital, the greater the minimum required return on their investment they will demand. For a firm to move in to a particular sector,firms would also have to consider if this would attract raw investors. If the firm was going to make a quick return on its investment this would attract more investors as they would gain higher fare of dividends on their investment.

Bartleby and Berino Corene. The Employer’s problem Essay

Bartleby and Berino Corene. The Employers problemIntroductionBartleby is about a attorney who is overwhelmed by workload at his property to the extent that he need an extra hand with writings thus calling for the need to authority an advertisement for a scrivener. Lucky for him, he lands the resolute Bartleby who under constitutes his duties at the attitude diligently to the admiration of the lawyer who lauds his good work unlike his both other scriveners Turkey and Nippers. These two are the lawyers first headache at the workplace, Turkey for one, can non work during the afternoons due to his old age but is strongly against his boss laying him off the job in the afternoons thus move the lawyer to delegate to him less serious documents for copying in the afternoon. Nippers on the other hand though of young age, has a temper and a stomach problem. Additional to that, he can only perform his duties in the afternoon when he is calmer and relaxed CITATION Mel90 p 7 l 1033 (Melvi lle 7). Upon arrival at the office, Bartleby proves the opposite of the two as he works from break of day to evening a thing that impresses the lawyer who sees for sure he had real struck gold with this new scrivener but little does he know perturb is brewing for him in the future. Bartleby is a sheep ion a faunas skin all his good work suddenly turns to amount non-performance one single day when the lawyer is overwhelmed with duties at his office and calls upon him to facilitate with copying some of the documents causing a backlog at the office but he declines.Irrespective of the lawyers need for a helping hand, he feels obliged to Bartlebys request of, I would elect not to as being utterly genuine and being express in a polite and respectful manner that he lets it come back for the first time CITATION Mel90 p 14 l 1033 (Melville 14). unforesightful does he know he was laying the bed for more trouble to come in future tasks that Bartleby is called upon to undertake. I prefer not to, becomes Bartlebys infamous mantra at the workplace when he is called upon to undertake any take called upon him by his employer and surprisingly enough the lawyer dumbfounds it very hard to cod this new weird carriage. In real sense, under any on the job(p) setting, it is not the duty of the employee to decide on what tasks he/she should do and what they should not do it is their duty to undertake all duties delegated to them assiduously. How politely and calmly Bartleby delivers his request for not undertaking any new tasks leaves the lawyer perplexed on whether he really should be asking Bartleby to undertake a stipulate task. How ever, this becomes overbearing when Bartleby reports to him that he would not be doing any more writings. Bartlebys actions prompts the lawyer to clear his wage balances and ask him to leave.Nonetheless, after clearance with his employer, Bartleby sticks slightly the workplace and makes it his home. It is problem to the lawyer for des pite having terminated Bartlebys contract, he sticks around at the workplace and to make matters worse transforms the workplace to his quiescence quarters. This comes to the lawyers attention one Sunday morning when he cannot fit his key into the door only for the door to be capable by Bartleby who politely asks him to return after a few proceeding and he surprisingly finds himself abiding to the request. The lawyer believes that he is undertaking a noble cause by allowing Bartleby to stick around the office doing zero point but soon this behavior turns out to be a detestation to the business and an center of attention sore to the coming and going customers thus hint him to move his business to a new location considering the fact that Bartleby would ever leave irrespective of what actions are taken against him or how much he is coerced to do so CITATION Mel90 p 42 l 1033 (Melville 42). blow to his expectation that by moving out he would hold up work out the Bartleby menace, he is accosted by a new tenant of the old create and by the police who leave Bartleby under his care. Bartleby continues his stubborn and withdrawal behavior to the extent that he refuses an offer of staying with the lawyer and later is taken to prison house on vagrantly charges. Irrespective of the lawyers constant concern of trying to keep an eye on him while in prison, Bartleby refuses to take food offered to him while in prison resorts to sleeping under a tree at the prison yard where he meets hi final demise. In reality, the lawyer had act all in his power to help a depressed Bartleby and he hand turned down the helping hand, it left the lawyer question if Bartlebys previous employers the Dead Letters had anything to do with his recluse life-style. He is transfixed to the disturbing connection in the conclusion of his news report describes it as, Dead letters Doe it not sound like gone men. Sometimes from out the folder paper the pale salesclerk takes a ringthe finger it was meant for, perhaps, molders in the grave a bank- keep sent in swiftest charityhe whom it would relieve, nor eats nor hungers any moreon errands of life, these letters speed to death. Ah, Bartleby Ah, humanityCITATION Mel90 p 55 l 1033 (Melville 55)Different handling of Bartlebys themeIn reality, there is no better way how the lawyer could have handled Bartlebys case for he just instantly transformed from being a indefatigable individual to a lousy self-reserved introvert. Perhaps, one precaution that the lawyer should have undertaken before hiring Bartleby, would have been to perform a background check on his previous employment history or enquired directly form Bartleby himself his lifestyle/family background. There is no single place in the narration where we are told that the lawyer assessed the above competences from a recruit once he position an advertisement out, he seemed too eager to sort out his fast(a) issues that were at hand risking oblivion to other factors that affect the normal mathematical process of the business. Similarly, the same can be said about his lenient spot towards accommodating Bartlebys ill behaviors even when they directly affected his business. It shall be argued that his morals came first when it came to handling issues purporting to Bartleby, nut what he should really make is instilled the real ideology of responsibility onto his employee as opposed to trying to find a solution to all his problems. There is this one specific stance in the narration that puts o question the lawyers helping hand, he himself discover Bartlebys miserable stat of life and withdrawal symptoms, why not sign up him into a mental facility to get professional assistance as opposed to turning him into a mooch and accommodating his ill mannerisms.ReferencesMelville, Herman. Bartleby and Benito Corene . natural York Doven Publications , 1990.Source document

Haier, an international icon: Success Factors and Market Challenges Essay

Born out of Qingdao Refrigerator Factory in 1984, the Haier (pronounced high-er) free radical is mainland mainland chinawares largest home appliance manufacturer (Wang and Ong two hundred7), and the areas fourth largest white goods manufacturer (Chen two hundred8).Haier was ranked set-back among mainland mainland Chinas Top 10 orbiculate markings by the Financial measure in 2005 (Haiers company facts 2008). It was also ranked 86th among the worlds 500 intimately Influential Brands by World Brand science laboratory in 2006 and is the only Chinese mail to be among the top snow for three consecutive years. (Haiers company facts 2008).Its Chairman and CEO, Zhang Ruimin who was appointed in 1984 as the director has been credited for pulling Haier out of bankruptcy to function a global corporation (Zhang Ruimin 2006) with annual turnover of USD16.2 billion in 2006 (Haiers company facts 2008). Zhang was ranked 26th among Worlds Most Respected traffic Leaders by the Financial T imes in 2005 and 6th among Asias 25 Most Powerful mickle in business concern by Fortune magazine in 2004Haiers mark trades are China, Europe, USA, Japan (Beebe et al 2006) and India (Mumbai 2007). It has over 240 subsidiaries and 87 trading companies, aim centers and industrial parks and over 50,000 employees worldwide (Haiers company facts 2008).HAIERS PATH TO SUCCESSIn 1984, CEO Zhang Ruimin took over the n proterozoic bankrupt refrigerator pulverization (Lin 2005, 1). Today, Haier is known as a global brand. How did it become such as a success (Lin 2005, 1)?Strong leadership, customer operate, product property, innovation, speed, pricing, positioning, localisation of design, deed and sales, latecomer prefers and market entry strategy are among the top ten factors for Haiers success.Strong leadershipZhang Ruimin (Zhang), Chairman and CEO of Haier is described as down-to-earth and a charismatic leader who has worked his way up (Chinaview People Zhang Ruimin 2003). Zhang demonstrated out-of-the-box view and risk-taking when he combined traditional Chinese philosophy with modern horse opera care style (Chinaview People Zhang Ruimin 2003)and avoided fol commencementing norms of the industry (Wu 2003).From the OEC management representative of Never Leave Todays Work Till tomorrow and Daily Settlement Leads to Daily Improvement to the market chain management, Zhangs unique management ideas have won praises and is much of a discussion topic among management specialists and top universities around the world (Chinaview People Zhang Ruimin 2003).Zhangs aspiration for Haier to become a global brand began during the early stage he took on the factory (Liu and Li 2002, 701) With this ambition, Zhang set enlighten objectives and focuses in mental synthesis the brand, diversifying product lines, going international and now building a global brand name in distinguishable phases (Haiers teaching strategy 2008).In 2006, for the fourth consecutive year (Haie r origin 2008), Haier was ranked first for overall leadership among Chinese companies in the rampart track journal Asias annual survey of Asias 200 Most Admired Companies (Areddy 2006).Customer ServiceHaier aims to puke excellent customer aid to gain an advantage over Western rivals who can be to a greater extent complacent ( calling in China Double hotshot Group and Haier Group succeed without the consultants 2003, 14). To achieve this, Haier intermited a customer-focused culture by trim down the distance between employees and customers requiring all employees to sell products, listen to customers and understand rivals products on a regular basis (Denison 2001, 222).Haier also set up more than 11,000 customer service centres in 160 countries (Yi and Ye 2003, 204) hiring and training locals to provide after-sale service to local customers (Li and Chen 2007). Haiers dedication to customer service has won the Five Star Diamond honor presented by the American feature and Serv ice Society (Haier 1996).Product QualityZhang knows that the key to survival and future development is to establish and continue to advance product prize. To drive theimportance of quality, Zhang say responsible workers to destroy 76 defective refrigerators (Xu et al 2006, 30-31). As a result, Haier received the first ever National Gold Medal Award in Chinas refrigerator industry (Haier 1988) and ranked first in Chinas Top 15 Brands by Forbes (Kim 2003).InnovationTo improve its technology knowledge and create innovative products, Haier has been increasing investing in research and development (R&D) (Duysters et al 2008, 16) establishing an extensive global R&D and design network (DiPaolo and Li 2007). Its R&D investment is importantly higher than the market average RMB6.7 billion in 2006, equivalent to 6.2 percentage of its sales (DiPaolo and Li 2007).Haier also formed alliances with leading companies such as Liebherr, Philips, Mitsubishi and Toshiba to acquire manufacturing a nd proficient know-hows, expand product lines as intumesce as enter foreign markets (Duysters et al 2008, 11-12).The basis of Chinas advantage is low-cost labour (Zeng and Williamson 2007, 27). Haier is take advantage of the cost advantage to provide high technology, choice and customised and specialty products at low price (Zeng and Williamson 2007, 55). apply cost innovation, Haier gained brand awareness in the US by make pack refrigerators and wine chillers to the mass market (Jain, Malik and Cruickshank 2006, 21).SpeedHaier understands that the speed in bring products to customers to satisfy their needfully before rivals is important to win them over (Wu 2003). Since get into US markets, Haier has gained one-third (Lin 2005, 2) of market share in the compact refrigerators for dormitories and offices and created the market for stand-alone wine coolers (Haley and Haley 2006, 46).PricingChinese products are often viewed as low quality (Xin and Yeung 2007). Aware of the poor image of Chinese products, Haier price its products at a five per cent premium over its Korean rivals, LG and Samsung (Chinese consumer durable firms midriff a bulkyger piece of action 2008) so that its products will be perceived as top-of-the-line (Gupta 2006).PositioningHaier positions itself as a premium brand and aims to develop Haier as a dependable, high-technology global leader (Gupta 2003). Haier is not targeting at different classes of consumers instead it wants consumers to feel that Haier is closest to satisfying their needs (Haiers cause Develop Our Brand Overseas 2003).Localisation of Design, Production and SalesHaier set up local design, production and sales facilities, and industrial parks in US, Europe, Asia pacific and Middle East and employs mainly local people (Haier Press room 2008). With localised operations, Haier is able to respond more quickly to changing customers needs (Young and Nie 1996, 12) and to be accepted by the local community (Haier Press in habit 2008).Latecomer AdvantagesInstead of creating a new business model from scratch (Duysters et al 2008, 8), Haier, as a latecomer, has the advantage of comparing and modifying its business models against those of established rivals identifying niches, for example compact refrigerators in the US (Wu 2003) that larger rivals have overlooked (Duysters et al 2008, 8) or do not have the flexibility to adopt (Bartlett and Ghoshal 2000, 139).Market admittance StrategyHaier started exporting to tough markets such as United States (US) and Germany as Zhang (Wu 2003) believes that erstwhile it gained brand recognition in these markets, it will be easier for Haier to enter neighbouring ontogenesis countries (Liu and Li 2002, 702-703).When entering a new market, Haier introduced one product at a time. It first introduced refrigerators in the US market. Once the product becomes boffo, Haier began introducing washables machines lines and other products capitalising on the brand awareness (Liu and Li 2002, 703).CHALLENGES AHEADChinese manufacturers including Haier now organization increasing challenges posed by decrease in orders from overseas markets (Global deferral hits China 2008), neediness of resources, negative Chinese brand image, further gross profit margin quench and rising costs.Lack of R&D InfrastructureAlthough Haier increased investment in R&D, it can take years to catch up on the standard of the research in the West (Isaksen 2006). One galactic obstacle that marketing research firms face in China is the deprivation of infrastructure to carry out surveys (Isaksen 2006).Lack of Qualified Human ResourcesManagers with exist managing an international operation are scarce (Beebe et al 2006, 7). This shortage can negatively influence Haiers global expansion (Liu and Li 2002, 703). For example, managers from the Chinese and American operations find it difficult to have productive discussions referable to language barrier (Liu and Li 2002, 703).Global B rand Awareness and ImageChinese companies including Haier lack global brand awareness in developed markets in the US and Europe (Xin and Yeung 2007, 3) and suffer negative brand image of cheap, poor quality and unreliable (Swystun, Burt and Ly 2005, 3). This negative image is further weakened with the recent draw scandal (Made in China 2008 The Challenge for Chinese Brands going away Global 2008). Changing Western consumers perception requires years of marketing efforts (Liu and Li 2002, 704). preponderant Bargaining Power of BuyersHaier distributes its products with retail giants like Wal-Mart who have large acquire power (Rosenbloom and Diane 1993, 78). These retail giants pursue mass merchandising strategies that emphasize low prices and low margins (Rosenbloom and Diane 1993, 80). With the global recession of 2008, retailers are likely to further squeeze Haiers margins (Bhaskaran 2008, 2).Rising CostsThe increasing cost of labour, raw materials especially blade (Industry analy sts forecast price encouragement for white goods 2008), oil as well as the strengthening of the yuan has greatly affected Haiers margins (Roberts 2008).REFERENCESAreddy, J.T. 2006. 2006 Asia 200 Report Asias 200 Most Admired Companies. Wall Street Journal. http//www.wsj-asia.com/ (accessed declination28, 2008).Bartlett, C.A. and Ghoshal, S. 2000. Going global Lessons from later movers. Harvard Business Review 78 (2) 132-142. EBSCOhost. http//web.ebscohost.com.dbgw.lis.curtin.edu.au/ (accessed celestial latitude 28, 2008).Beebe, A., Chee, H., Feng, Y.Q. and Dr Shi, D.L. 2006. Going global Prospects and challenges for Chinese companies on the world stage. 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Powerade marketing Essay

SWOT depth psychologyStrengthWidely Distri exactlyedLoyal CustomersDrink Technology Helps Distinguish Powerade athletic EndorsementsStrong Brand Name PoweradeWeaknessesOnline marting and Presence of Powerade.OpportunitiesProduct and Market Expansion.Flavor and Drink Innovation.ThreatsPotential bell wars could hurt the athletic suck up mart.Powerade is in fierce competition with Gatorade.External summaryCompetition analysisThe master(prenominal) opponent of powerade is Gatorade. The combine martplace sh be of all Gatorade fruits is 84.7% of the sports swallow trade. These Gatorade fruits include traditional Gatorade, Gatorade Frost, Gatorade Fierce, Gatorade X Factor Gatorade on the whole Star, Gatorade Ice, Gatorade Extreme, and Gatorade Endurance Formula. The combined sales for these Gatorade increases were $2.1 zillion for the 52 weeks ending June 12, 2005. In this time stream Gatorade has follow upn a 0.1% increase in its grocery store sh be. Gatorade has sponso rship deals with the National Football coalition National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer.It as well as has a long history, macrocosm the first sports toast on the commercialise when it was introduced in1965. More recently Gatorade has extended their intersection point line to include trigger off Fitness Water, which competes with Powerade option.Both Gatorade and Powerade come in a wide novelty of flavors and the two blade sh atomic publication 18 comparable in price. Also, both(prenominal)(prenominal) ar primarily sold in plastic bottles, further to a fault raise a powder form. See Appendix A for a side-by-side similitude of the nutritional features of Powerade and Gatorade.Other competitors of powerade include all sport, Protein Ice and various some other(a) sports drinks. These harvest-feasts only make up 1% of the market. Various bottled water grunges flummox competition to powerade Option. The bottled water persistence was a $9.1 billion dollar industry (domestic) in 2004 a substantially larger market than sports drinks.Client synopsisThe sports drinks market has been expanding in recent familys. Ten years ago, sports drinks were typically consumed by serious athletes and body builders. The tar urinate market now includes people ranging in age from their teenage years to the 40s who book an inte tarry in sports. argument that these people do not necessarily play sports regularly. there are three common occasions for consumption of sports drinks after sports activity, for breakfast, and on-the-go. As a result, companies are reducing their focus on sports in order to harmonise these consumption patterns Sports drinks are generally viewed as a masculine product. The potent to female ratio of the market is 4 to 1. Clearly males are targeted oer females in this market, but data show that females also purchase the product regularly.ObjectivesIn recent years, powerade has lost revenue. Not be mi litary campaign of fierce competition against Gatorade in the sports drink industry, but against raise water products care Vitamin Water, Smartwater. So powerade would alike(p) to gain consumers focus by reinvigorating the brand and generating buzz.StrategyReach more(prenominal) than(prenominal) customers by broadening its demographics from athletes to any active consumer.TacticRefreshing and contemporizing the brand by renaming and repackaging its drinks. So bottles are now featuring a large surface with the name powerade appearing almost in fine print. And powerade is embarking the boat of enhanced beverages.Strategies and PositioningIntroductionPowerade is an energetic drink make by the Coca-Cola company. Its market is focused mainly in the sport human, because of the pushing and mineral salts that it gives to impart the expensed ones during the exercise.Powerade come toed the market in 1992. A market dominated mainly by Gatorade because of the lack of competitors in the market. As it is well known Coca-cola and Pepsi are main competitors in their market well Powerade anda Gatorade are their sport products respectively.Because of the lack of competitors in this market, and the measure dominance of Gatorade, Coca-cola Co. Decided to enter de market although they were in derive disadvantage. The first year that Powerade was in the market, it made a good stimu tardy to Gatorade, at least 10% of the sales, and this was because Pepsi Co was seeing Gatorade as a drink to have at home, meet a beberage. Powerade entered as a sports man drink, thats why it commenced to fight in this market.With a upstart competitor in the market, well, the only competitor in the market at the moment, and it wasnt no other that the worst enemy o Pepsi Co. , Coca-cola, the companay obdurate to commence a betrothal in merchandise that still nowa age is having place in our markets.Innovations and new-made ProductsThe Gatorade commenced its battle by projecting its product in every place relationed with the product, as gyms, football fields, etc. scarce it was Coke Co. The one who took the initiative in this place, by entering the market after convincing various figures of sport to promote Powerade.Pepsi got cutting ideas It had to get to a wider market an no only as a hefty drink that moms could give to their children. It decided to enter more strongly in the sport market, then it launched a series of products to improve in the sport, like energy bars, more energetic drink, even a gel, that Olympic sportsmen use. anyways it wasnt new to Coke Co these strategies and they had new ways of enter this market and fight for the triumph too.Powerade also got energy bars, or drinks, and even gels, like Gatorade did, but Coke Co had a new product to fight the competence Powerade zero, a drink with zero calories and zero sugars, made as a diet drink, so it entered no only the market of sport more deeply with this product it also opened a expectan t market to whit no fat drinks And thither are a lot of people that want to lose weight with fewer or no sport this drink definitively would be perfect for those users. Gatorade answer attacked devising publicity and give tongue toing that an energy drinks, needs calories to supply the ones that you bite during exercise. Coke co was ready for that, and they argued that what you really needed during sport was just a drink to supply the mineral salts that you need, and with a good flavors they got the armed service of some science studies to support their argument, and it just made Powerade to gain more sales, and then steel them from Gatorade.But battle wasnt won yet, and Powerade knows that. So they commenced a marketing campaign with famous basket and football stars to publicities its product, also they launched new flavors. And in a battle that it seems that everything its worthy, Coca Cola Co had just engage the ex-executive manager of science and sports of Gatorade. Obvio usly a great heat to Pepsi Co and even more if Coke co hired him in the R+D department, what would make a great arrive of sales for Powerade and lot less for Gatorade.And the impact was visible early. In 2010 Powerades sales raised to a 32% of the market in the triplet trimester, having in account that in 1990 the drink was launched at it got less than a 10%.Great hit to Gatorade, but it was owning the market yet. With more than 60% of the sales Gatorade is clearly the threeer, but more and more, year byyear, Powerade gets more buyers than Gatorade.ConclusionCoca-Cola co entered a market where it has clear disadvantage, sport world drinks, with Powerade, and they had no more than a 10% of the sales in the market that was clearly governed by Cokes main rival Pepsi Co and its Gatorade with at least 80% of the sales in the market of energy drinks.But Powerade had a great future and they where ready to open at. afterwards Powerade got the dominium of some great and famous athletes b oth competitors began a marketing battle by promoting their products in sport places. And Gatorade seeing the danger of this new competitor soon opened more strategies like new products. But Powerade strategies werent over yet and they launched new products to the market and opened a making it wider like the alike products of even a diet drink.It is obvious that both companies have great marketing strategies, but in my opinion Powerade has the lead in that way, because year by year they are get more sales and users from Gatorade. Not going too far, I began consuming Gatorade, but now a days when I do some sport, I use Powerade. Its benefits feel better than Gatorade ones.ProductPowerade is an isotonic beverage/sports drink manufactured by The Coca-Cola Company it was first introduced to the market in the year 1988 and later released communityally on the United States on the year 1992. Powerades primary competitor is Gatorade, which is manufactured by PepsiCos (Coca-Colas main com petitor). By June 2007, Powerade reached a 13.4% of the market in its category, Gatorade being the leader of the market with an 84.2%. IngredientsPowerade is composed by water, racy fructose corn syrup, salt, potassium citrate, phenylalanine, sucralose, sodium citrate, malic acid, potassium phosphate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B2.FlavorsThis product stands out by the numerous types of flavors it offers presently there are eight types of flavors Orange, Mountain Berry Blast (originally Mountain Blast), output Punch, Grape, Lemon Lime, Sour Melon (originally Green Squall), White Cherry (originally prophylactic Shatter), and Strawberry Lemonade.Apart from this, there are six flavors of Powerade zero, the zero calorie version of the product, this are Mixed Berry, Grape, Lemon Lime, Orange, Fruit Punch and Strawberry.SponsorshipPowerade is the semiofficial sports drink of teams like Wallabies, impudent Zealands All Blacks, River Plate from Argentina, the Australian Football League, O Higgins F.C, Argentinas national football team, Mexicos national football team, the PGA Tour, Nascar, and the United States Olympic team.Apart from this, Rogelio Funes Mori from River Plate, Lebron James from the Miami Heat, and Wayne Rooney from Manchester United, are the three main sportsman sponsored by Powerade.Product life round of drinksThe Product life cycle consist of four stages starting from gate stage, growth stage, maturity stage and decline stage. At the introduction stage, the product is not popular and rear endt really make a lot of profit. Its marketing court may be high in order to test a market and set up a distribution channel. At the growth stage, the product start making a profit, the sales increase rapidly with some terms on marketing especially brand building. Competitors enter the market, often in large figure depending on how attractive the market is. When a profit starts to decline, its the press of Maturity stage.Powerade was originally elaborated f or athletes. Originally it had to be reformulated because of its pitiful taste and because of ingredients problems. The new formula offered better nutritional values, and this led to Powerade being consumed as a common drink. Because of this, in its growth stage Powerade started evacuant different types of drinks for athletes, with the objective of hydrating them. Powerade has tried to create more new productsthan Gatorade and the other competition, but this task is not easy since Gatorade products are more demanded.As sales decline, the firm has several options like mentioning the product, possibly rejuvenating it by adding new features and finding new uses harvest the product reduce costs and pass over to offer it, possibly to a loyal niche segment, or discontinuing the product. In Powerades case, it will continue offering its products, with the confident of continue growing and not to decline, and also changing features, like a new bottle which projects a new and fresh image. Brand equityAs a Performance Partner of the All Blacks, Powerade has recorded some exceptional haemorrhoid of late, having seen volume sales of its 750ml bottles grow by 22.9% in supermarkets across rude(a) Zealand since 2009, confirming its status as the countries number one selling sports drink. earlier of the launch of its latest campaign, the challenge therefore facing Powerade was to grow its brand further than the 80% market share that it currently already occupies. equip with the insight that Powerade was only being drunk on game days by consumers in New Zealand, the brand wanted to become an inviolate part of daily training routines, and utilized its sponsorship of the rugby team to come across this with the launch of a multi-touch point campaign launched in late June that aimed to heighten anticipation ahead of the Rugby World Cup in phratry. This was Powerades Black, which hit the supermarkets across New Zealand creating impact and patriotism among fans in what was a crucial year in the history of the nation from a Rugby perspective.Adding weight to the campaign was the launch of a TVC, draw a bead on Like Youre In The Game, that highlighted how the hard work on the training ground is replicated in a match situation, creating a aspire link amid high performance and the abilities of Powerade to facilitate this by hydrating the body.Online energizing saw the launch of a Powerade New Zealand Facebook page, where training tips and behind the scenes footage of the New Zealand Rugby team could be accessed, providing an insight into the lives of elite athletes by present the question to members of the New Zealand Rugby Team, what makes an All Black? The Powerade NZ website took this idea to a new level, featuring tips and advice from NZ Rugby strength and conditioning coach, Dr. Nic Gill, and provided a hydration calculator turncock that aggregated the amount of fluid lost from the body through excrete during exercise. In addition, various tr aining drills were shared by Dr. Gill targeted at improving endurance, speed, performance and strength whilst details of the Powerade Challenge were also provided.In order for consumers to test their fitness levels against those of the All Blacks players, Powerade also launched the Powerade Challenge in July, creating a running course located on the Auckland waterfront integrated with RFID technology so that runners could track their times. Participants could register online to receive their free personalized tuner Frequency Identification (RFID) bracelet, which could be activated by placing it on crotchety Powerade vending machines located a various distances around the running route. All results were uploaded to the brands website.The integrated push from Powerade highlights the desire of the brand to cement its status as the number one selling sports drink in New Zealand, building equity in the process and showcasing its innovative technologies during the Rugby World Cup, a t ime where the sport (already massive in the country) is at the forefront of consumers minds.PRICEIn order to talk about the set, at heart the Marketing Mix of POWERADE. To introduce this part of the presentation, what we can say is that Price as one of the elements that gives a real benefit to the company, needs to be studied, in order to know why companies put a persistent price to the product. And, as we are going to see now, the price will vary, depending on the country its sold and the gross domestic product of the country.AMERICAIn the table above what we can see are the values of the POWERADE and GATORADE (its major competitor in the whole market of the energetic beverages) North the States In Canada, price of Powerade is less than Gatorade, as it is usual due to Powerade (normally) sells its product at a dismay price than its major competitor (Gatorade). In the USA, price of Powerade acts in the same way than Canada, lower price than Gatorade. In this case the gross dome stic product of Canada and USA is not a great factor, in order to evaluate the price the product. Central America In Mexico, price of Powerade is much lower than in North America, but is a critical greater in comparison with Gatorade. Here we can give notice, that the GDP of Mexico is less, so price of both products is lower. southernmost America In Brazil, we can see that price of Powerade is quite bigger than in the USA, even with a lower GDP, in this case, the main reason could be that, Powerade demand is not so big, in order to decrease the price, or another reason, could be that, Gatorade has a greater Market Share. So, it could explain why the variety between both products is relatively big. In Argentina, we can see a greater difference between both products, and here, is clear that marketing strategy of Powerade, which is to offer same product, but a lower price, is foundere. Other thing that we can see about price, if we compare it with USA, its clear that Powerade is m ore expensive.atomic number 63POWERADE (500 ML)$ POWERADE$ GATORADE$GDPEUROPEUK1,331,4235.500FRANCE2,082,5134.569GERMANY1,581,8337.900ITALY1,642,3431.264SPAIN1,221,4131.500Studying the price of Powerade in Europe, we can say that the variety of prices doesnt vary between countries. The main reason could be that European countries analyzed are inside the European Union, and the difference of prices doesnt vary between them. Only remark France, where the prices of Powerade (and Gatorade) are quite bigger than the rest, even comparing them with Germany, where the GDP is high.ASIAPOWERADE (500 ML)$ POWERADE$ GATORADE$GDPASIACHINA1,261,68400JAPAN2,813,2535280 sec KOREA1,261,8933100In the box above, we can appreciate that in Asia, the variation of GDP is very high, and wide, due to the wealth of the nations studied. The mainthing unique is that in Japan, the price of Powerade is quite high than in China or South Korea, the main reason, its because the wealth of Japan is high than the re st of the Asiatic countries. AFRICAPOWERADE (500 ML)$ POWERADE$ GATORADE$GDPAFRICAMOROCCO0,91,1455252EGYPT0,951,126180SOUTH AFRICA1,0931,3510890Here in Africa, what we can appreciate is that the prices of Powerade (and Gatorade) dont vary with other developed countries. One thing remarkable is that Powerade costs more in South Africa than Morocco or Egypt, maybe because the GDP of this country is higher than the others compared.OCEANIAPOWERADE (500 ML)$ POWERADE$ GATORADE$GDPOCEANIAAUSTRALIA2,252,7940820NEW ZEALAND3,562,7629535Analyzing the prices in Oceania, we can appreciate that there is a big difference between the prices of this continent and the rest of the world. Bottles of 500 ml, of Powerade, are more expensive than in other countries impertinent Australia or New Zealand.One reason could be because of the distance between this countries and Asia,so, the production cost could be higher. Other reason could be because of the GDP, if we see, its high comparing it with the med ia of GDP, and between Australia and New Zealand the difference is clearly defined. In New Zealand is much more expensive to buy a bottle of Powerade than in Australia. BUT, if you buy a bottle of Gatorade is cheaper than a bottle of Powerade, this could because the demand of Gatorade is higher than Powerade, so the company decided to reduce its price, in order to maintain the consumption. graphic calamitys in AustraliaNatural casualtys are events that occur naturally much(prenominal) as earthquakes, cyclones, Storms, and floods. These kinds of casualtys can cause significant physical damage, interruption of chore services and personal injury/loss of life.Due to the effects of spheric warming and consequential climate change the rate of natural disasters in Australia is increasing day by day.I myself have faced such(prenominal) kind of natural disaster in Pakistan in the year 2012 which was a flood. So I can relate and describe how painful and how evil economically these disa sters can be destroying each and everything coming in its way. at that place are two types of economic impacts due to natural disasters1. Direct scotch impact.This includes lifelines such as water, sanitation system, gas, electricity, telecommunication and transportation which are dangerous to all types of natural disasters which are included in public nucleotide and community facilities. Other than this business enterprise, households & residents are also part of acquire impact.2. Indirect economic impact.Indirect economic impact includes disruption and average up.These impacts are incurred due to consequence of the disaster.Australia has always been facing these kinds of disasters which made a huge loss for Australia and a lot of time and money was fatigued to bring Australia back in its kind of original form. If we go through the history of Australiawe can read that from the year 1967 till 1999 there have been 265 such disasters costing more than $10 million dollars each. T he total cost of most disasters is ranging from $10 to $50 million which is a huge amount. Among the wide disasters, floods were most common and most costly. Floods have always been on number one causing destruction on a high level, change $10.4 billion or 29 percent to the total cost followed by Storms and Cyclones making 26 and 24 percent of the total cost. The bushfire crisis in capital of Seychelles is Australias worst-ever bushfire disaster. Its also Australias worst natural disaster in 110 years which so far has claimed 131 lives.If we analyze the currently available data then we come up with a narration that total cost of natural disasters in Australia between the years 1967 and 1999 is just about $36.4 billion, which is easy to say and hard to believe. If we integrate deaths and injuries into this data then the total cost increases to $37.8 billion or approximately $85 per person compared to prices in 1999. This estimation brings to an average annual total cost of natura l disasters to $1.14 billion since 1967 or $1.17 since 1980 and $1.51 billion prices are subjected to year 1999.An organization called The Natural disaster Relief and Recover Arrangements (NDRRA) is an organization that provides Commonwealth and States which share costs in rebuilding the assets of states that are damaged by the natural disaster. By which the states are able to get a little part of the total cost from the Common wealth used in reconstructing state government assets. each state in Australia has some self-insurance or some form of managed stock which helps in insuring states assets. It is recommended by many that the formula used under The Natural Disaster Relief and Recovery Arrangements should be changed to expenditure method in front the State or Territory gets any insurance recovery.Natural disasters cause so much heavy burden on the economy of Australia that at some stage it becomes so hard for the government to deal with the outcomes of that disaster. There are many ways which can help the government getting over these disasters and make plans or organizations which can workon these disasters as these disasters are unavoidable part of Australia. Nothing much can be done besides what has always done on such events. infra are some ways that can help.Low interest concessional loans should be given on large scale by the government to companies. serial of loan repayment should be increased to as maximum as possible. Flood premium discount should be given for existing homes but not for new homes. Every year some part of the tax revenue Domestic Product should be saved a side. indispensableness sculptural relief assistance and emergency re-establishment assistance should be increased. Provide a pallbearer that has good reputation in claiming service.1. Neil Gentle, Sharyn Kierce, Alistair Nitz, 2001 frugal cost of natural disaster in Australia Retrieved from https//www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1& firedog=rja&ve d=0CDAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.em.gov.au%2FDocuments%2FEconomic_costs_of_natural_disasters_in_Australia.pdf&ei=XO17UdX2FcaiigeT1oCYCQ&usg=AFQjCNE89LiWzBdi_zr3hvixQdXzkLYLBA&sig2=bVIuhvxRuq8ZUmgV1h7sYg&bvm=bv.45645796,d.dGI on 18th April 2013.2. Emergency Management Australia, 2002 Economic and Financial aspects of Disaster Recovery Retrieved from https//www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CDUQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.em.gov.au%2FDocuments%2FManual28-EconomicandFinancialAspectsofDisasterRecovery.pdf&ei=XO17UdX2FcaiigeT1oCYCQ&usg=AFQjCNGgKyl9WZm6lEw4LUhncbrFlzf7zA&sig2=4zfhYHeYKdlqn4qrM5cFaA&bvm=bv.45645796,d.dGI on April 19, 2013.3. Bureau of Transport Economics Report 103, 2001 Economic costs of natural disasters in Australia Retrieved from http//www.bitre.gov.au/publications/2001/files/report_103.pdf on April 21, 2013.4. John Trowbridge, Jim Minto, John Berrill, September 2001 Natural disaster insurance review,

Billy elliot notes

Takes opportunity Headset, tracking shots baton In cage hits other student theres always next year non for Billy this Is his shot He wants this opportunity his reaction Is violent as this Is all he knows and this Is a sign that he needs you grow beyond this.Quotes from ballet bronco buster No child can break through without the 100 percent assume of their family We see the step-up In Othello custody as Cackle supports Billy Headset music of swan lake melodic theme l feel desire a bird it feels like electricity Billy says this as he describes what it is like for him to dance These quotes convince the board that Billy is a natural gift and show his passion for his chosen path Montage Billys emotional reaction to acquiring in and Jackasss superciliousness in announcing it to the miners who face personnel casualty keep going to the pit at reduced wages Juxtaposition of Billy getting away from the mines and the need for the family and other miners to return Landscape shot, voice everywhere change in lighting Billy and Jackie at the grave yard mines in the distanceRelationship is now close and has grown through the mutual discover and understanding that is now there Montage of images swan lake music , motif of closing doors, costuming headset Billy preparing to leave and the final scene of him dancing, Jackie and Tony in capital of the United Kingdom at the performance and engaging with a now adult Michael Jacks and Tony going back down the mines in a cage Mrs. Wilkinson alone in the gym her role in getting Billy into the works is through with(p) she has no evolution on the film Billy is now a success and is starting in swan lake the family are purporting him showing their growth as Billy is a success and has evolved Jacks and Tony are well refined and appear familiar with London , they do not Judge Michael Jacky pride is evident in his tears Billy Elliot notes By Barack Billy in cage hits other student theres always next year not for Billy this i s his shot He wants this opportunity his reaction is violent as this is all he knows and this is a No child can succeed without the 100 percent support of their family We see the growth in Othello men as Jackie supports Billy Jacks pride is evident in his tears .